Chapter 2
TROUBLESHOOTING CHARTS
1.0 Introduction
This section contains detailed troubleshooting charts. These charts should be used as a guide in 
determining the problem areas. They are not a substitute for knowledge of circuit operation and 
astute troubleshooting techniques. It is advisable to refer to the related detailed circuit descriptions 
in the theory of operation sections prior to troubleshooting a radio.
Most troubleshooting charts end up by pointing to an IC to replace. It is not always noted, but it is 
good practice to verify supplies and grounds to the affected IC and to trace continuity to the 
malfunctioning signal and related circuitry before replacing any IC. For instance, if a clock signal is 
not available at a destination, continuity from the source IC should be checked before replacing the 
source IC.