Using the Astral device for the first time .......................................................................... 66
Ventilation modes .............................................................................................................. 67
(A)CV mode - Assisted volume-controlled ventilation...................................................... 68
P(A)CV mode - Assisted pressure-controlled ventilation ................................................. 69
P-SIMV - Pressure Synchronised Intermittent Mandatory Ventilation ............................. 71
V-SIMV - Volume Synchronised Intermittent Mandatory Ventilation ............................... 72
PS mode - Pressure support ........................................................................................... 74
(S)T mode - Spontaneous Ventilation with backup rate ................................................... 76
P(A)C mode .................................................................................................................... 77
CPAP mode .................................................................................................................... 78
iVAPS (intelligent Volume Assured Pressure Support) mode .......................................... 79
Target alveolar ventilation ............................................................................................... 80
intelligent Backup Rate (iBR) .......................................................................................... 81
Configuring iVAPS .......................................................................................................... 81
Adopting recently learnt targets ........................................................................................................81
Adopting recently learnt targets ........................................................................................................82
Entering the target values manually ..................................................................................................84
AutoEPAP ....................................................................................................................... 86
Flow shape settings ....................................................................................................... 87
Interdependence of controls........................................................................................... 88
Dynamic settings limits .....................................................................................................................88
Making use of Astral's High Pressure limit .......................................................................................88
Triggering and cycling ..................................................................................................... 89
Triggering with intentional leak circuits .............................................................................................90
Cycling with intentional leak circuits .................................................................................................90
Triggering with valve circuits .............................................................................................................91
Changing the Trigger Type ................................................................................................................92
Cycling with valve circuits .................................................................................................................93
Triggering with mouthpiece circuits ..................................................................................................93
Supplementary features .................................................................................................... 94
Manual breath settings ................................................................................................... 94
Sigh settings .................................................................................................................. 96
Apnoea Settings ............................................................................................................. 97
Control settings for Apnoea ventilation .............................................................................................97
(A)CV Breath pattern .........................................................................................................................98
P(A)CV breath pattern ........................................................................................................................99
Safety volume settings ................................................................................................. 100
Non-invasive ventilation (NIV) ........................................................................................ 101
Mask NIV ...................................................................................................................... 101
Mouthpiece NIV ........................................................................................................... 101
Mouthpiece ventilation ................................................................................................. 101
Safety considerations for mouthpiece ventilation ......................................................... 102
Alarms .............................................................................................................................. 103
Alarm priority ................................................................................................................ 104
Viewing the active alarms ............................................................................................. 106
Muting alarms .............................................................................................................. 106
Resetting alarms .......................................................................................................... 107
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