230
PL
15 ^LJŐŶĂůŝnjĂĐũĞĂůĂƌŵŽǁĞŝďųħĚLJ
WZK>D
SYGNALIZACJA
>ZDKt
DK>/t
PRZYCZYNA
/BE/
ƌĂŵĂ Ɛŝħ ŶŝĞ
ŽƚǁŝĞƌĂůƵďŶŝĞnjĂ-
myka.
<ŽŶƚƌŽůŬĂWKtZ
ŶŝĞƑǁŝĞĐŝ
ƌĂŬnjĂƐŝůĂŶŝĂ ^ƉƌĂǁĚnjŝđŬĂďĞůnjĂƐŝůĂŶŝĂ
<ŽŶƚƌŽůŬĂWKtZ
ŶŝĞƑǁŝĞĐŝ
^ƉĂůŽŶĞďĞnjƉŝĞĐnjŶŝŬŝ tLJŵŝĞŶŝđďĞnjƉŝĞĐnjŶŝŬ
ĂůĞĐĂƐŝħǁLJũŵŽǁĂŶŝĞŝǁŬųĂĚĂŶŝĞďĞnjƉŝĞĐnjŶŝ-
ŬĂǁLJųČĐnjŶŝĞƉŽǁLJųČĐnjĞŶŝƵnjĂƐŝůĂŶŝĂ
2)6W
ųČĚŶĂƉŝħĐŝĂnjĂƐŝůĂŶŝĂǁĞũƑĐŝŽ-
ǁĞŐŽ
ųČĚŝŶŝĐũĂůŝnjĂĐũŝĐĞŶƚƌĂůŝ
tLJųČĐnjLJđ njĂƐŝůĂŶŝĞƉŽĐnjĞŬĂđϭϬ Ɛ ŝ ƉŽŶŽǁŶŝĞ
ǁųČĐnjLJđnjĂƐŝůĂŶŝĞ
:ĞƑůŝƉƌŽďůĞŵďħĚnjŝĞƐŝħƉŽǁƚĂƌnjĂųƐŬŽŶƚĂŬƚƵũ
Ɛŝħ nj ůŽŬĂůŶLJŵĂƵƚŽƌLJnjŽǁĂŶLJŵ ƐƉƌnjĞĚĂǁĐČ ǁ
ĐĞůƵǁĞƌLJĮŬĂĐũŝŝĞǁĞŶƚƵĂůŶĞũƉŽŵŽĐLJ
WŽ ŶĂĐŝƑŶŝħĐŝƵ ŬůĂǁŝƐnjĂ d^d ŵŽǏŶĂ ƚLJŵĐnjĂƐŽǁŽ
ƵŬƌLJđďųČĚŝƐƉƌĂǁĚnjŝđƉĂƌĂŵĞƚƌLJƉĂŶĞůƵƐƚĞƌŽǁĂŶŝĂ
SUW
WƌČĚ ƉƌnjĞƚħǏĞŶŝŽǁLJ ǁ ĨĂůŽǁ-
ŶŝŬƵ
EĂĐŝƐŶČđĚǁĂƌĂnjLJƉƌnjLJĐŝƐŬTESTůƵďnjĂĚĂđŬŽ-
ůĞũŶLJϯŬŽŵĞŶĚLJ
G$ W$
ųČĚƉŽnjLJƐŬŝǁĂŶŝĂĚĂŶLJĐŚŽ
ƌƵĐŚƵ
^ƉƌĂǁĚnjŝđĐnjLJƉŽnjLJĐũĂǁLJųČĐnjŶŝŬĂŬƌĂŷĐŽǁĞŐŽ
ŽƚǁŝĞƌĂŶŝĂŝnjĂŵLJŬĂŶŝĂũĞƐƚƉƌĂǁŝĚųŽǁĂ
EĂĐŝƐŶČđd^dŝƐƉƌĂǁĚnjŝđŽďĞĐŶŽƑđĞǁĞŶƚƵĂů-
ŶLJĐŚĂůĂƌŵſǁnjĂďĞnjƉŝĞĐnjĞŷ
WŽǁƚſƌnjLJđƉƌŽĐĞĚƵƌħƉƌŽŐƌĂŵŽǁĂŶŝĂƌƵĐŚƵ
EŝĞƉŽǁŽĚnjĞŶŝĞƉƌŽĐĞĚƵƌLJ
ŬĂůŝďƌĂĐũŝ
WƌnjĞƐƚƌnjĞŐĂđ ĐnjĂƐſǁŬĂůŝďƌĂĐũŝ ǁLJŵĂŐĂŶLJĐŚǁ
ĨĂnjŝĞƉƌŽĐĞĚƵƌLJƉƌŽŐƌĂŵŽǁĂŶŝĂƌƵĐŚƵ
WƌnjĞĚ njĂŵŬŶŝħĐŝĞŵ ĚƌnjǁŝĐnjĞŬ ŵĞĐŚĂ-
ŶŝnjŵƵ ŽĚďůŽŬŽǁƵũČĐĞŐŽ ƵƉĞǁŶŝđ Ɛŝħ ǏĞ ŶĂ
ǁLJƑǁŝĞƚůĂĐnjƵŵŝŐĂ3+$6.
WŽǁƚſƌnjLJđƉƌŽĐĞĚƵƌħƉƌŽŐƌĂŵŽǁĂŶŝĂƌƵĐŚƵ
<ŽŵƵŶŝŬĂƚnjŵŝĂŶLJǁLJďŽƌƵ
ƉŽnjLJĐũŝŶĂƉħĚƵnjĂƉŽŵŽĐČ
ƉĂƌĂŵĞƚƌƵ.
SX DX
&ĂďƌLJĐnjŶŝĞďƌĂŵLJƉƌnjĞƐƵǁŶĞŽƚǁŝĞƌĂũČƐŝħǁƉƌĂǁČ
ƐƚƌŽŶħ ;ƉŽnjLJĐũĂ ƐŝůŶŝŬĂ ǁnjŐůħĚĞŵ ƉƌnjĞũĂnjĚƵ
ƉĂƚƌnjČĐ ŽĚ ǁĞǁŶČƚƌnjͿ :ĞƑůŝ ƚĂ ƉŽnjLJĐũĂ njŽƐƚĂŶŝĞ
njŵŝĞŶŝŽŶĂǁLJƑǁŝĞƚůĂƐŝħŬŽŵƵŶŝŬĂƚ'DWD
ͻĂŵŬŶČđďƌĂŵħ
ͻKĚųČĐnjLJđ njĂƐŝůĂŶŝĞ ƐŝĞĐŝŽǁĞ ůƵď ďĞnjƉŝĞĐnjŶŝŬ
ŽďǁŽĚƵŐųſǁŶĞŐŽŝŽĚĐnjĞŬĂđϱƐ
ͻWƌnjLJǁƌſĐŝđnjĂƐŝůĂŶŝĞůƵďƉŽŶŽǁŶŝĞƉŽĚųČĐnjLJđ
ďĞnjƉŝĞĐnjŶŝŬ
ͻ EĂĐŝƐŬĂđWZK'ĚŽŵŽŵĞŶƚƵĂǏnjŶŝŬŶŝĞŬŽŵƵŶŝŬĂƚ
'$7$ŝŶĂǁLJƑǁŝĞƚůĂĐnjƵƉŽũĂǁŝƐŝħ$33.
WŽǁƚſƌnjLJđƉƌŽĐĞĚƵƌħƉƌŽŐƌĂŵŽǁĂŶŝĂƌƵĐŚƵ
^ŝůŶŝŬŶŝĞũĞƐƚƉŽĚųČĐnjŽŶLJ
^ƉƌĂǁĚnjŝđŬĂďĞůƐŝůŶŝŬĂ
IH
KďĂ ǁLJųČĐnjŶŝŬŝ ŬƌĂŷĐŽǁĞ ƐČ
ĂŬƚLJǁŶĞ
^ƉƌĂǁĚnjŝđ ƉŽųČĐnjĞŶŝĞ ǁLJųČĐnjŶŝŬſǁ ŬƌĂŷĐŽǁLJĐŚ
ůƵď ŽďĞĐŶŽƑđ ĐŝĂų ŽďĐLJĐŚ ǁ ďůŽŬƵ ǁLJųČĐnjŶŝŬĂ
ŬƌĂŷĐŽǁĞŐŽ
ĞƐĞŵƉŝŽ
HH
HH
ųČĚƉĂƌĂŵĞƚƌſǁŬŽŶĮŐƵƌĂĐũŝ hƐƚĂǁŝđ ƉƌĂǁŝĚųŽǁŽ ǁĂƌƚŽƑđ ŬŽŶĮŐƵƌĂĐLJũŶČ ŝ
njĂƉŝƐĂđũČ
(QH
ŶŬŽĚĞƌ ŶŝĞ ŽĚƉŽǁŝĂĚĂ ďƌĂŬ
ůƵďƵƐnjŬŽĚnjŽŶLJ
^ƉƌĂǁĚnjŝđƉŽĚųČĐnjĞŶŝĞĞŶŬŽĚĞƌĂ:ĞƑůŝƉƌŽďůĞŵ
ŶĂĚĂůǁLJƐƚħƉƵũĞŶĂůĞǏLJǁLJŵŝĞŶŝđĞŶŬŽĚĞƌ
HQ(
WŽǁĂǏŶĂ ƵƐƚĞƌŬĂ ĚnjŝĂųĂŶŝĂ
ĞŶŬŽĚĞƌĂ
EĂĐŝƐŶČđ ƉƌnjLJĐŝƐŬ d^d ũĞƑůŝ ŬŽŵƵŶŝŬĂƚ ďųħĚƵ
ƉŽũĂǁŝ Ɛŝħ ƉŽŶŽǁŶŝĞ ǁLJųČĐnjLJđ ĐĞŶƚƌĂůħ ŶĂ ϱ
Ɛ ŝ ƉŽŶŽǁŶŝĞ ũČ ǁųČĐnjLJđ :ĞƑůŝ ƉƌŽďůĞŵ ŶĂĚĂů
ǁLJƐƚħƉƵũĞǁLJŵŝĞŶŝđĞŶŬŽĚĞƌ
(QH
;ŶϱͿ
hƐƚĞƌŬĂĚnjŝĂųĂŶŝĂĞŶŬŽĚĞƌĂ EĂĐŝƐŶČđ ƉƌnjLJĐŝƐŬ d^d :ĞƑůŝ ƉƌŽďůĞŵ ŶĂĚĂů
ǁLJƐƚħƉƵũĞǁLJŵŝĞŶŝđĞŶŬŽĚĞƌ
EŝĞǁLJƐƚĂƌĐnjĂũČĐĞnjĂƐŝůĂŶŝĞƐŝĞ-
ĐŝŽǁĞ
t ƉƌnjLJƉĂĚŬƵ ŽďĞĐŶŽƑĐŝ njĂďƌƵĚnjĞŷnjĂǁŝůŐŽĐĞ-
ŶŝĂŽǁĂĚſǁůƵďŝŶŶLJĐŚnjĂŶŝĞĐnjLJƐnjĐnjĞŷǁLJųČĐnjLJđ
njĂƐŝůĂŶŝĞ ŝ ǁLJĐnjLJƑĐŝđ ĞŶŬŽĚĞƌ ŽƌĂnj ŬĂƌƚħ :ĞƑůŝ
ƉƌŽďůĞŵŶĂĚĂůǁLJƐƚħƉƵũĞǁLJŵŝĞŶŝđĞŶŬŽĚĞƌ
njŝĂųĂŶŝĞǁƚƌLJďŝĞĂŬƵŵƵůĂ-
ƚŽƌſǁ
ŬƵŵƵůĂƚŽƌLJƉƌĂǁŝĞƌŽnjųĂĚŽǁĂŶĞ