WinGD X72DF - Page 110

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Marine Installation Manual 2021-08 4-35

4 Ancillary Systems

4.4 Fuel gas system

X72DF

Figure 4-16 Lean burn with pilot ignition

Figure 4-17 Lean-burn operation window

SM-0112

Scavenging

Compression &

gas admission

Ignition

Expansion

SM-0111

Air to fuel gas ratio

Main Page

List of Changes3
Table of Contents9
Preface22
Marine Installation Manual Introduction22
Explanation of Symbols in this Marine Installation Manual23
Marine Installation Drawing Set24
General Technical Data (GTD)25
Operation and Maintenance Manuals25
GTD Screenshot25
Engine Summary26
Engine Capability and Features26
X72DF Summary Values for Maximum Continuous Rating (MCR)26
Special Engine Features27
Principal Engine Features and Technologies27
Primary Engine Data28
Power /Speed Range of the Wingd X-DF Engines28
Engine Rating Field - Rating Points29
Rating Points29
System29
Principal Engine Dimensions and Weights30
Principal Engine Dimension Values30
Principal Engine Dimensions30
Fuel Operating Modes31
Fuel Split (Energy-Based) for Different Operating Modes31
Operating Modes of the X-DF Engine31
Operation in Gas Mode32
Dynamic Combustion Control32
Gas Mode Operation32
Power Meter Requirement33
Operation in Diesel Mode33
Power Meter Parameters33
The Flex System34
The Flex System Parts34
Operation in Fuel Sharing Mode35
Fuel Sharing Mode - Available Operating Window35
Fuel Sharing Mode - Energy Amount of Different Ratios of Fuel36
Changeover between Operating Modes37
Transfers and Gas Trips37
Fuel Transfers and Gas Trips37
Engine Power and Speed39
Introduction to Power and Speed39
Engine Rating Field39
Rating Field for the X72DF39
Rating Points40
Influence of Propeller Diameter and Revolutions40
Power Range41
Propeller Curves and Operational Points41
Sea Trial Power42
Sea Margin42
Propeller Curves and Operational Points42
Light Running Margin43
Continuous Service Rating43
Engine Margin43
Contracted Maximum Continuous Rating43
Power Range Limits44
Line 5 Coefficients46
Line 6 Coefficients46
Power Range Limits with a Power Take-Off Installation for a FPP48
PTO Incorporation of Method 148
Power Range Diagram of an Engine with a PTO48
Line 10 Coefficients49
PTO Incorporation of Method 250
Power Range Limits50
Prohibited Operation Area51
The Prohibited Operation Area (CMCR Speed = R1-R2)51
Prohibited Operation Area for Different Speed Rated Engines53
Calculating the Prohibited Operation Area for the CMCR Speed53
CPP Requirements for the Propulsion Control System56
Engine Installation57
Engine Dimensions and Masses57
Engine Dimensions57
Dismantling Heights for Piston and Cylinder Liner58
Crane Requirements58
Thermal Expansion between the Turbocharger and Exhaust Gas59
Piping59
Thermal Expansion, DIM. X, Y, Z59
Content of Fluids in the Engine60
Conditions and Requirements61
Pressure and Temperature Ranges61
Operating Conditions61
Reference Conditions61
Design Conditions61
Ancillary System Design Parameters62
Electrical Power Requirement63
Engine Outline Views64
Platform Arrangement65
Drawings65
Minimum Requirements for Escape Routes65
Minimum Requirements for Headroom65
Seating66
Assembly67
Assembly of Subassemblies67
Installation of a Complete Engine68
Installation of an Engine from Assembled Subassemblies68
Installation of an Engine in Ship on Slipway68
Engine and Shaft Alignment69
Instructions and Limits69
Tools69
Engine Coupling70
Design70
Machining and Fitting of Coupling Bolts70
Tightening70
Installation Drawing70
Engine Stays71
Propulsion Shaft Earthing72
Preventive Action72
Earthing Device72
Typical Shaft Earthing Arrangement73
Typical Shaft Earthing with Condition Monitoring Facility74
Fire Protection75
Recommended Quantities of Fire Extinguishing Medium75
Ancillary Systems76
Twin-Engine Installation77
Common and Independent Systems in Twin-Engine Installations77
Fuel Oil System77
System77
Cooling Water System for Twin-Engine Installation78
Cooling Water System79
Separate HT Cooling Water Circuit79
Low-Temperature Circuit80
Arrangement 181
Arrangement 281
LT Cooling Water Circuit - Single Set-Point Temperature81
LT Cooling Water Circuit - Dual Set-Point Temperatures81
Arrangement 382
Separate SAC and LT Cooling Circuits82
Low-Temperature Circuit Components83
High-Temperature Circuit84
High-Temperature Circuit Components85
HT Cooling Water Circuit85
Pre-Heating88
Pre-Heating from Cooling Water Systems88
Pre-Heating by Direct Water Circulation88
Freshwater Generator89
Pre-Heating Power Requirement Per Cylinder89
Cooling Water Treatment90
Recommended Specifications for Raw Water90
General Recommendations for the Cooling Water System Design91
Lubricating Oil Systems92
Lubricating Oil Requirements92
Main Lubricating Oil System92
Lubricating Oil System92
Main Lubricating Oil System Components93
System Oil95
Flushing the Lubricating Oil System95
Lubrication for Turbochargers95
Cylinder Lubricating Oil System95
Changeover between Cylinder Lubricating Oils96
The Icat Changeover Unit97
Dual Cylinder Lubricating Oil Installation with Icat as an Optional97
Dual Cylinder Lubricating Oil Installation Without Icat, Enabling98
Service Tank and Storage Tank99
Cylinder Lubricating Oil System for Fuel with Ultra Low Sulphur99
Electrical Trace Heating for System Side Cylinder Lubricating Oil100
Heating Cable Specification100
Maintenance and Treatment of Lubricating Oil102
Drain Tank103
Arrangement of Vertical Lubricating Oil Drains for 6-Cylinder Engines104
Fuel Gas System108
Safety Considerations108
Operating Principles109
The Lean-Burn Concept109
Gas Specifications111
Methane Number Dependent Engine Output112
Methane Number Calculation112
Fuel Gas Supply System113
Master Fuel Gas Engine Shut-Off Valve113
Tank Type113
Section View of an Integrated Membrane Tank114
Section View of a Free-Standing Type a Tank114
Section View of a Free-Standing Type B Tank of Moss Design115
Supplying Fuel Gas117
Pressurised Type C Tank Solution with NBOG Handling by the118
Pressurised Type C Tank Solution with NBOG Handling by the119
Non-Pressurised Tank Solution, Drawn for an LNGC119
Re-Liquefaction Process120
Fuel Gas Supply Pressure122
Design Fuel Gas Supply Pressure Requirements123
Fuel Gas Supply Pressure Control at the Engine Inlet125
Fuel Gas Supply Pressure Control at the GVU Inlet126
Fuel Gas Pressure Level Definitions126
On-Engine Integrated Gas Pressure Regulation Unit127
Fuel Gas Supply System with the Igpr127
Off-Engine Gas Valve Unit129
Fuel Gas Venting131
Ventilation of Double-Wall Fuel Gas Piping131
Purging by Inert Gas132
Purity of Inert Gas (Engines with Igpr)133
Purity of Inert Gas (Engines with GVU)133
Fuel Gas Leak Test135
Gas Leak Test Sequence (Engines with Igpr)135
Gas Leak Test Sequence (Engines with GVU)135
Pilot Fuel Oil System136
Specification of the Pilot Fuel Oil Filter on the System Side138
Fuel Oil System139
Fuel Oil System Components139
Feed Pump - Low-Pressure Fuel Oil140
Pressure Regulating Valve141
Mixing Unit141
Mixing Unit142
Booster Pump - High-Pressure Fuel Oil143
End-Heater143
Viscometer144
MDO/MGO Heat Exchanger144
Fuel Oil Filters - Arrangement 'A145
Fuel Oil Filter Arrangement 'A146
Specification of Automatic Self-Cleaning Filter in Feed System147
Specification of Automatic Self-Cleaning Filter in Booster System148
Specification of Duplex Filter in Booster System149
Fuel Oil Filter - Arrangement 'B150
Fuel Oil Filter Arrangement 'B150
Fuel Oil System with Only MDO/MGO or MGO151
Fuel Oil Feed Pump152
Fuel Oil Heat Exchanger152
Fuel Oil Filter152
Flushing the Fuel Oil System152
Fuel Oil Treatment153
Settling Tanks153
Service Tanks153
Centrifugal Fuel Oil Separators153
Pressurised Fuel Oil System155
Fuel Oil Specification155
Fuel Oil Viscosity-Temperature Dependency156
Fuel Oil Viscosity-Temperature Diagram156
Air Supply System157
Capacities of Air Compressor and Receiver158
System Specification158
Starting Air Compressors158
Starting Air Receivers158
Control Air159
Service and Working Air159
Leakage Collection System and Washing Devices160
Sludge Oil Trap Solutions160
General Description of the Sludge Oil Trap160
Solution 1: a Constantly-Drained Sludge Oil Trap with Separate Sludge Accumulation161
Solution 2: a Manually Bottom-Drained Sludge Oil Trap162
Design Proposal of Wingd's Sludge Oil Trap162
Design Proposal of a Manually Bottom-Drained Sludge Oil Trap163
Solution 3: an Automatically Bottom-Drained Sludge Oil Trap164
Design Proposal of an Automatically Bottom-Drained Sludge Oil Trap165
Draining of Exhaust Uptakes166
Air Vents166
Exhaust Gas System167
Engine Room Ventilation168
Ventilation Requirements168
Ventilation Arrangement169
Arrangement 1 - Engine Room Ventilation System169
Arrangement 2 - Direct Engine Ventilation System169
Ventilation System Arrangement 1 - Engine Room Ventilation170
Ventilation System Arrangement 2 - Direct Engine Ventilation171
Air Intake Quality172
Outside Ambient Air Temperature174
Operational Temperature Range Requirements of the Turbocharger174
Piping175
Pipe Connections175
Flow Rates and Velocities175
PTO, PTI, PTH and Primary Generator Applications176
Requirements176
Arrangements for PTO, PTI, PTH and Primary Generator176
Arrangements for PTO, PTI, PTH177
Application Constraints178
Service Conditions180
Engine Automation183
Denis183
Engine Automation Architecture183
DENIS Concept184
Interface Definition184
Approved Propulsion Control Systems184
Engine Management and Automation Concept184
DENIS Specification185
DENIS Interface Specification185
DENIS Propulsion Control Specification185
Propulsion Control Systems186
Suppliers of Remote Control Systems186
Remote Control System186
Functions of the Propulsion Control System188
Remote Control System188
Safety System188
Telegraph System188
Local Manual Control188
ECR Manual Control Panel188
Options189
Propulsion Control189
Recommended Manoeuvring Characteristics190
Recommended Manoeuvring Steps and Warm-Up Times for FPP191
Full Sea Load Steps in FPP Load-Up Program191
Recommended Manoeuvring Steps and Warm-Up Times for CPP192
Full Sea Load Steps in CPP Load-Up Program192
Alarm and Monitoring System193
Integrated Solution193
Split Solution193
Alarm Sensors and Safety Functions194
Signal Processing194
Requirements of Wingd and Classification Societies194
Additional Class Requirements for Alarm Sensors and Safety194
Wingd Integrated Digital Expert195
Data Collection and Monitoring195
The Wide System195
Engine Diagnostic System196
Wide Installation Process197
The Wide Installation Process Map197
Engine Dynamics198
External Mass Forces and Moments199
Balancing of Mass Forces and Moments199
Countermeasures for Second Order Vertical Mass Moments200
Integrated Electrical Balancer (Ielba)200
Major Components and Details of the Ielba200
Electrically-Driven Compensator (External Compensator)201
Locating an Electrically-Driven Compensator201
Power Related Unbalance202
External Lateral Forces and Moments203
Forces through the Engine203
Lateral Vibration Types204
H-Type Vibration204
X-Type Vibration204
Lateral Vibration - X-Type and H-Type204
Reduction of Lateral Vibration205
Lateral Hydraulic Type Stays205
General Arrangement of Hydraulic Type Stays for One-Side205
Electrically-Driven Compensator206
General Arrangement of Hydraulic Type Stays for Both-Side206
Longitudinal Vibration (Pitching)207
Reduction of Longitudinal Vibration (5-Cylinder Engines)207
Arrangement of Longitudinal Stays207
Torsional Vibration209
Reduction of Torsional Vibration209
Low-Energy Vibrations210
High-Energy Vibrations210
PTO/PTI Systems Effect on Torsional Vibration211
Vibration Dampers (Spring Type and Viscous Type)211
Axial Vibration212
Reduction of Axial Vibration212
Whirling Vibration213
Hull Vibration214
Countermeasures for Dynamic Effects215
External Mass Moments and Vibrations215
Countermeasures for External Mass Moments215
Countermeasures for Lateral and Longitudinal Vibrations215
Countermeasures for Torsional and Axial Vibrations of the Shafting215
Synchro-Phasing System in Twin Engines216
Concept216
Resulting Vibration from SPS Combinations216
Components and Control217
Synchro-Phasing System217
Operating Modes and Restrictions218
Order Forms for Vibration Calculation & Simulation219
Engine Emissions220
Exhaust Gas Emissions220
Selective Catalytic Reduction221
Low-Pressure SCR221
Low-Pressure SCR - Arrangement221
High-Pressure SCR222
High-Pressure SCR - Arrangement222
Engine Noise223
Air-Borne Noise223
Exhaust Noise225
Exhaust Noise Reference Point225
Sound Pressure Level at Funnel Top of Exhaust Gas System226
Structure-Borne Noise227
Structure-Borne Noise Level at Engine Feet Vertical227
Engine Dispatch228
Engines to be Transported as Part Assemblies228
Protection of Disassembled Engines228
Removal of Rust Preventing Oils after Transport228
Internal Parts228
External Parts228
Appendix229
Classification Societies229
List of Classification Societies229
List of Acronyms230
Dimensions for Internal Combustion Engines233
Dimensions233
Approximate Conversion Factors235
Conversion Factors235

WinGD X72DF - Page 110

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