66
İȪȜȠȖȘ ʌȡȠıIJĮıȓĮ Įʌȩ ȕȜĮȕİȡȒ ʌĮȡİȝȕȠȜȒ ıİ ȠȚțȚĮțȒ İȖțĮIJȐıIJĮıȘ. ǹȣIJȒ Ș ıȣıțİȣȒ ʌĮȡȐȖİȚ, ȤȡȘıȚȝȠʌȠȚİȓ țĮȚ
ȝʌȠȡİȓ ȞĮ İțʌȑȝȥİȚ İȞȑȡȖİȚĮ ȡĮįȚȠıȣȤȞȠIJȒIJȦȞ țĮȚ, İȐȞ įİȞ ȑȤİȚ İȖțĮIJĮıIJĮșİȓ țĮȚ įİȞ ȤȡȘıȚȝȠʌȠȚİȓIJĮȚ ıȪȝijȦȞĮ
ȝİ IJȚȢ ȠįȘȖȓİȢ, ȝʌȠȡİȓ ȞĮ ʌȡȠțĮȜȑıİȚ ȕȜĮȕİȡȑȢ ʌĮȡİȝȕȠȜȑȢ ıIJȚȢ ȡĮįȚȠİʌȚțȠȚȞȦȞȓİȢ. ȍıIJȩıȠ, įİȞ ȣʌȐȡȤİȚ țĮȝȓĮ
İȖȖȪȘıȘ ȩIJȚ įİȞ șĮ ʌȡȠțȪȥȠȣȞ ʌĮȡİȝȕȠȜȑȢ ıİ ıȣȖțİțȡȚȝȑȞȘ
İȖțĮIJȐıIJĮıȘ. ǼȐȞ ĮȣIJȒ Ș ıȣıțİȣȒ ʌȡȠțĮȜȑıİȚ
ȕȜĮȕİȡȑȢ ʌĮȡİȝȕȠȜȑȢ, ȠȚ ȠʌȠȓİȢ ȝʌȠȡȠȪȞ ȞĮ ʌİȡȚȠȡȚıIJȠȪȞ ȝİ ĮʌİȞİȡȖȠʌȠȓȘıȘ țĮȚ İȞİȡȖȠʌȠȓȘıȘ IJȘȢ ıȣıțİȣȒȢ,
Ƞ ȤȡȒıIJȘȢ ʌĮȡȠIJȡȪȞİIJĮȚ ȞĮ ʌȡȠıʌĮșȒıİȚ ȞĮ įȚȠȡșȫıİȚ IJȘȞ ʌĮȡİȝȕȠȜȒ, ȜĮȝȕȐȞȠȞIJĮȢ ȑȞĮ Ȓ ʌİȡȚııȩIJİȡĮ Įʌȩ IJĮ
ʌĮȡĮțȐIJȦ ȝȑIJȡĮ:
· ǼʌĮȞĮʌȡȠıĮȞĮIJȠȜȚıȝȩȢ Ȓ İʌĮȞĮIJȠʌȠșȑIJȘıȘ IJȘȢ țİȡĮȓĮȢ.
· ǹȪȟȘıȘ IJȘȢ ĮʌȩıIJĮıȘȢ ȝİIJĮȟȪ IJȦȞ įȪȠ ıȣıțİȣȫȞ ʌȠȣ İʌȘȡİȐȗȠȞIJĮȚ
.
· ȈȣȝȕȠȣȜİȣIJİȓIJİ IJȘȞ ȉİȤȞȚțȒ ȊʌȘȡİıȓĮ IJȘȢ 3M.
ȀǹȂǿǹ ȉȇȅȆȅȆȅǿǾȈǾ: ȅȚ IJȡȠʌȠʌȠȚȒıİȚȢ ıİ ĮȣIJȒ IJȘ ıȣıțİȣȒ ĮʌĮȖȠȡİȪȠȞIJĮȚ ȞĮ ʌȡĮȖȝĮIJȠʌȠȚȠȪȞIJĮȚ ȤȦȡȓȢ IJȘ
ȖȡĮʌIJȒ ıȣȖțĮIJȐșİıȘ IJȘȢ ǼIJĮȚȡİȓĮȢ 3M. ȅȚ ȝȘ İȟȠȣıȚȠįȠIJȘȝȑȞİȢ IJȡȠʌȠʌȠȚȒıİȚȢ İȞįȑȤİIJĮȚ ȞĮ ĮțȣȡȫıȠȣȞ IJȘȞ
İȖȖȪȘıȘ țĮȚ IJȘȞ İȟȠȣıȓĮ IJȠȣ ȤȡȒıIJȘ ȞĮ ȤİȚȡȓȗİIJĮȚ IJȘ ıȣıțİȣȒ.
ǽĬĬȋǿȉǿ ȁǺȀ ȇǽȈȀȆȈȀȉȃȆȉ ǽȋĭȋȄǿȉ
ȉșȞıȔȧIJș: Ȇț ʍįȢįȜȑijȧ İșȝȬIJıțȣ İıȟ țIJȥȫȡȤȟ IJijșȟ ǺȤIJijȢįȝȔį Ȝįț IJijș ȄȒį ǾșȝįȟİȔį. Ȇț ȜįijįȟįȝȧijȒȣ Țį
ʍȢȒʍıț ȟį ȖįIJȔȘȡȟijįț IJijį ȟȪȞțȞį İțȜįțȬȞįijȑ ijȡȤȣ.
ǼīīȊǾȈǾ: ȈIJȘȞ ʌİȡȓʌIJȦıȘ ʌȠȣ ȠʌȠȚȠįȒʌȠIJİ ʌȡȠȧȩȞ IJȠȣ ȉȠȝȑĮ ȆȡȠıȦʌȚțȒȢ ǹıijȐȜİȚĮȢ IJȘȢ 3M țȡȚșİȓ
İȜĮIJIJȦȝĮIJȚțȩ ȩıȠȞ ĮijȠȡȐ IJȠ ȣȜȚțȩ țĮȚ IJȘȞ țĮIJĮıțİȣȒ Ȓ įİȞ ıȣȝȝȠȡijȫȞİIJĮȚ ȝİ ȠʌȠȚĮįȒʌȠIJİ ȡȘIJȒ İȖȖȪȘıȘ ȖȚĮ ȑȞĮȞ
ıȣȖțİțȡȚȝȑȞȠ ıțȠʌȩ, Ș ȝȠȞĮįȚțȒ ȣʌȠȤȡȑȦıȘ IJȘȢ 3M țĮȚ Ș įȚțȒ ıĮȢ ĮʌȠțȜİȚıIJȚțȒ ĮʌȠȗȘȝȓȦıȘ șĮ İȓȞĮȚ, țĮIJȐ IJȘ
įȚĮțȡȚIJȚțȒ İȣȤȑȡİȚĮ IJȘȢ 3M, Ș ĮȞIJȚțĮIJȐıIJĮıȘ Ȓ Ș İʌȚıțİȣȒ Ȓ Ș İʌȚıIJȡȠijȒ IJȘȢ IJȚȝȒȢ ĮȖȠȡȐȢ IJȦȞ İȞ ȜȩȖȦ
İȟĮȡIJȘȝȐIJȦȞ Ȓ IJȦȞ ʌȡȠȧȩȞIJȦȞ, țĮIJȩʌȚȞ ȑȖțĮȚȡȘȢ İȚįȠʌȠȓȘıȘȢ ıȤİIJȚțȐ ȝİ IJȠ ȗȒIJȘȝĮ İț ȝȑȡȠȣȢ ıĮȢ țĮȚ țĮIJȩʌȚȞ
İʌȚȕİȕĮȓȦıȘȢ
ȩIJȚ Ș ĮʌȠșȒțİȣıȘ, Ș ıȣȞIJȒȡȘıȘ țĮȚ Ș ȤȡȒıȘ IJȠȣ ʌȡȠȧȩȞIJȠȢ ȖȓȞȠȞIJĮȚ ıȪȝijȦȞĮ ȝİ IJȚȢ ȖȡĮʌIJȑȢ ȠįȘȖȓİȢ
IJȘȢ 3M. ǼȀȉȅȈ ǹȆȅ ȉǿȈ ȆǼȇǿȆȉȍȈǼǿȈ ȆȅȊ ǹȆǹīȅȇǼȊǼȉǹǿ ǻǿǹ ȃȅȂȅȊ, Ǿ ȆǹȇȅȊȈǹ ǼīīȊǾȈǾ Ǽǿȃǹǿ
ǹȆȅȀȁǼǿȈȉǿȀǾ Ȁǹǿ ǹȃȉǿȀǹĬǿȈȉǹ ȅȆȅǿǹǻǾȆȅȉǼ ȇǾȉǾ dz ǼȂȂǼȈǾ ǼīīȊǾȈǾ ǼȂȆȅȇǼȊȈǿȂȅȉǾȉǹȈ,
ȀǹȉǹȁȁǾȁȅȉǾȉǹȈ īǿǹ ȈȊīȀǼȀȇǿȂǼȃȅ ȈȀȅȆȅ dz DZȁȁǾ ǼīīȊǾȈǾ ȆȅǿȅȉǾȉǹȈ dz ǹȊȉǼȈ ȆȅȊ
ȆȇȅȀȊȆȉȅȊȃ ǹȆȅ
ȀǹĬǿǼȇȍȂǼȃȅ ȉȇȅȆȅ ǼȂȆȅȇǿȀȍȃ ȈȊȃǹȁȁǹīȍȃ, ǼĬǿȂȅ dz ǼȂȆȅȇǿȀǾ ȆȇǹȀȉǿȀǾ,
ǼȄǹǿȇȅȊȂǼȃȅȊ ȉȅȊ ȉǿȉȁȅȊ Ȁǹǿ Ȁǹȉǹ ȉǾȈ ȆǹȇǹǺǿǹȈǾȈ ǼȊȇǼȈǿȉǼȋȃǿǹȈ. ȈȪȝijȦȞĮ ȝİ IJȘȞ ʌĮȡȠȪıĮ
İȖȖȪȘıȘ, Ș 3M įİȞ ȑȤİȚ țĮȝȓĮ ȣʌȠȤȡȑȦıȘ, ıİ ȩIJȚ ĮijȠȡȐ ȠʌȠȚȠįȒʌȠIJİ ʌȡȠȧȩȞ ĮʌȠįİȚȤșİȓ ĮȞĮʌȠIJİȜİıȝĮIJȚțȩ, ȜȩȖȦ
ĮȞİʌĮȡțȠȪȢ Ȓ ĮțĮIJȐȜȜȘȜȘȢ ĮʌȠșȒțİȣıȘȢ, ȤİȚȡȚıȝȠȪ Ȓ ıȣȞIJȒȡȘıȘȢ, ıİ ȩIJȚ ĮijȠȡȐ IJȘȞ ĮįȣȞĮȝȓĮ IJȒȡȘıȘȢ IJȦȞ
ȠįȘȖȚȫȞ IJȠȣ
ʌȡȠȧȩȞIJȠȢ Ȓ ȖȚĮ ȠʌȠȚĮįȒʌȠIJİ ȝİIJĮIJȡȠʌȒ Ȓ ȗȘȝȚȐ ʌȡȠțȜȘșİȓ ıIJȠ ʌȡȠȧȩȞ ȜȩȖȦ ĮIJȣȤȒȝĮIJȠȢ, ĮȝȑȜİȚĮȢ Ȓ
țĮțȒȢ ȤȡȒıȘȢ.
ȆǼȇǿȅȇǿȈȂȅȈ ǼȊĬȊȃǾȈ: ǼȀȉȅȈ ǹȆȅ ȉǿȈ ȆǼȇǿȆȉȍȈǼǿȈ ȆȅȊ ǹȆǹīȅȇǼȊǼȉǹǿ ǻǿǹ ȃȅȂȅȊ, ȈǼ ȀǹȂǿǹ
ȆǼȇǿȆȉȍȈǾ Ǿ 3Ȃ ǻǼȃ ǼȊĬȊȃǼȉǹǿ īǿǹ ȅȆȅǿǹǻǾȆȅȉǼ ǹȂǼȈǾ, ǼȂȂǼȈǾ, ǼǿǻǿȀǾ, ȉȊȋǹǿǹ dz
ȆǹȇǼȆȅȂǼȃǾ ǹȆȍȁǼǿǹ dz ǽǾȂǿǹ (ȈȊȂȆǼȇǿȁǹȂǺǹȃȅȂǼȃǾȈ ȉǾȈ ǹȆȍȁǼǿǹȈ ȀǼȇǻȍȃ) ȆȅȊ
ȆȇȅȀȊȆȉȅȊȃ ǹȆȅ
ȉȅ Ȇǹȇȅȃ ȆȇȅȎȅȃ, ǹȃǼȄǹȇȉǾȉǹ ǹȆȅ ȉǾ ȈȋǼȉǿȀǾ ȃȅȂȅȁȅīǿǹ. ȅǿ ǹȆȅǽǾȂǿȍȈǼǿȈ
ȆȅȊ ȅȇǿǽȅȃȉǹǿ ȈȉǾȃ ȆǹȇȅȊȈǹ Ǽǿȃǹǿ ǹȆȅȀȁǼǿȈȉǿȀǼȈ. ȀǹȂǿǹ ȉȇȅȆȅȆȅǿǾȈǾ: ȅȚ IJȡȠʌȠʌȠȚȒıİȚȢ ıİ ĮȣIJȒ
IJȘ ıȣıțİȣȒ ĮʌĮȖȠȡİȪİIJĮȚ ȞĮ ʌȡĮȖȝĮIJȠʌȠȚȠȪȞIJĮȚ ȤȦȡȓȢ IJȘ ȖȡĮʌIJȒ ıȣȖțĮIJȐșİıȘ IJȘȢ ǼIJĮȚȡİȓĮȢ 3M. ȅȚ ȝȘ
İȟȠȣıȚȠįȠIJȘȝȑȞİȢ IJȡȠʌȠʌȠȚȒıİȚȢ İȞįȑȤİIJĮȚ ȞĮ ĮțȣȡȫıȠȣȞ IJȘȞ İȖȖȪȘıȘ țĮȚ IJȘȞ İȟȠȣıȓĮ ʌȠȣ İțȤȦȡİȓIJĮȚ ıȪȝijȦȞĮ
ȝİ IJȠȣȢ
țĮȞȩȞİȢ IJȘȢ ȅȝȠıʌȠȞįȚĮțȒȢ ǼʌȚIJȡȠʌȒȢ ǼʌȚțȠȚȞȦȞȚȫȞ, ȠȚ ȠʌȠȓȠȚ İʌȚIJȡȑʌȠȣȞ IJȘ ȜİȚIJȠȣȡȖȓĮ ĮȣIJȒȢ IJȘȢ
ıȣıțİȣȒȢ.
ǽȈĬǺȉȊǿȈȀǺȁǿ ȃǽȊȈǿȉǿ Ȋǿȉ ǽȅǺȉĭǽȄǿȉǿȉ
ǽʍıȠȓȗșIJș ijȧȟ ʍțȟȑȜȧȟ ıȠįIJȚȒȟșIJșȣ:
ǽȤȢȧʍįȨȜȪ ȇȢȪijȤʍȡ EN 352
A:1 ȈȣȤȞȩIJȘIJĮ (Hz)
A :2 ȂȑıȠȢ ȩȡȠȢ İȟĮıșȑȞȘıȘȢ, Mean att (dB)
A :3 ȉȣʌȚțȒ ĮʌȩțȜȚıȘ, St dev (dB)
A :4 ȊʌȠIJİșİȓıĮ IJȚȝȒ ʌȡȠıIJĮıȓĮȢ, APV (dB)
A :5 H = ǼțIJȓȝȘıȘ ʌȡȠıIJĮıȓĮȢ IJȘȢ ĮțȠȒȢ ȖȚĮ ȒȤȠȣȢ ȣȥȘȜȒȢ ıȣȤȞȩIJȘIJĮȢ (ƒ 2000Hz).
M = ǼțIJȓȝȘıȘ ʌȡȠıIJĮıȓĮȢ IJȘȢ ĮțȠȒȢ ȖȚĮ ȒȤȠȣȢ ȝİıĮȓĮȢ ıȣȤȞȩIJȘIJĮȢ (500Hz < ƒ < 2000Hz).
L = ǼțIJȓȝȘıȘ ʌȡȠıIJĮıȓĮȢ IJȘȢ ĮțȠȒȢ ȖȚĮ ȒȤȠȣȢ ȤĮȝȘȜȒȢ ıȣȤȞȩIJȘIJĮȢ (ƒ 500Hz).
A :6 ǼʌȓʌİįȠ țȡȚIJȘȡȓȠȣ H = ǼʌȓʌİįȠ țȡȚIJȘȡȓȠȣ ȖȚĮ șȩȡȣȕȠ
ȣȥȘȜȒȢ ıȣȤȞȩIJȘIJĮȢ
M = ǼʌȓʌİįȠ țȡȚIJȘȡȓȠȣ ȖȚĮ șȩȡȣȕȠ ȝİıĮȓĮȢ ıȣȤȞȩIJȘIJĮȢ
L = ǼʌȓʌİįȠ țȡȚIJȘȡȓȠȣ ȖȚĮ șȩȡȣȕȠ ȤĮȝȘȜȒȢ ıȣȤȞȩIJȘIJĮȢ
ȇȢȪijȤʍȡ ǿ.ȇ.Ǻ. ANSI S3.19-1974
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