9. Additional information
Battery Management System
The LPS has a built-in Battery Management System ensuring full control and safety. The BMS monitors
lithium cell activity and uses the information for safety, maintenance, SOC, and interface control.
Charger Control
It is necessary to control the charging of lithium batteries in order to avoid uncontrolled disconnections and
to protect the lithium cells from unstable conditions. The integrated Battery Management System always
ensures the lithium cells are operated within their safe operating parameters.
Cell voltage measurement
The LPS measures cell voltage with high accuracy. The accuracy is necessary to calculate the SOC as only
a few 1/1000 of a volt makes a difference.
Cell temperature measurement
The LPS measures the temperature of all individual cells to ensure that none of the cells overheat or cause
thermal runaway. The temperature information is also used for SOC calculations.
Shunt and current measurement
The current passes through an integrated shunt resistor so the LPS can measure the current to and from
the cells and use it for protection and SOC calculation.
Integrated safety breaker
The most important part of the LPS circuit protection is the integrated safety breaker. It allows the LPS to
cut off all charge and discharge currents in potentially hazardous situations.
Overload protection
The advantage of the internal safety breaker is its capability to disconnect high currents without damaging
the main switch. The LPS can use the safety breaker for overload protection without damaging the cells.
Short-circuit protection
The LPS is protected against short circuits by fuses on the inputs and outputs.
The 230VAC output furthermore has a built-in RCD to protect the user.
Cell balancing
The advanced SOC calculation ensures that all cells are kept in a balanced condition at all times. The BMS
has a high cell-balance current that reduces the need for active cell balancing and restores the cells to a
balanced condition faster. The BMS is cell balancing each single cell in charge, discharge and idle mode.
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