89
ɦɟɲɚɸɬ ɢɦ ɜɨɣɬɢ ɜ ɩɚɡ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɹɸɳɟɣ ɲɢɧɵ, ɦɨɠɧɨ ɭɫɬɪɚɧɢɬɶ ɩɪɢ ɩɨɦɨɳɢ ɩɥɨɫɤɨɝɨ
ɧɚɩɢɥɶɧɢɤɚ.
x ɇɟ ɞɨɩɭɫɤɚɣɬɟ ɡɚɫɨɪɟɧɢɹ ɰɟɩɢ ɝɪɹɡɶɸ ɢ ɩɟɫɤɨɦ. Ⱦɚɠɟ ɧɟɛɨɥɶɲɨɟ ɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɨ ɝɪɹɡɢ
ɡɚɬɭɩɢɬ ɰɟɩɶ ɢ ɭɜɟɥɢɱɢɬ ɜɟɪɨɹɬɧɨɫɬɶ ɨɬɞɚɱɢ, ɱɬɨ ɩɨɬɪɟɛɭɟɬ ɡɚɬɨɱɤɢ ɢɥɢ ɡɚɦɟɧɵ ɰɟɩɢ.
x ɉɨɩɪɚɤɬɢɤɭɣɬɟɫɶ ɜ ɪɚɡɪɟɡɚɧɢɢ ɧɟɫɤɨɥɶɤɢɯ ɧɟɛɨɥɶɲɢɯ ɛɪɟɜɟɧ, ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɹ ɨɩɢɫɚɧɧɵɟ
ɧɢɠɟ ɩɪɢɟɦɵ, ɱɬɨɛɵ "ɨɳɭɬɢɬɶ" ɢɧɫɬɪɭɦɟɧɬ, ɩɪɟɠɞɟ ɱɟɦ ɧɚɱɢɧɚɬɶ ɩɨɥɧɨɦɚɫɲɬɚɛɧɵɟ
ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɫ ɟɝɨ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟɦ.
x ɉɪɟɠɞɟ ɱɟɦ ɩɪɢɫɬɭɩɚɬɶ ɤ ɪɟɡɤɟ, ɫɨɠɦɢɬɟ ɩɭɫɤɨɜɨɟ ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɨ ɞɪɨɫɫɟɥɹ ɢ ɞɚɣɬɟ
ɞɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɸ ɜɵɣɬɢ ɧɚ ɦɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɨɛɨɪɨɬɵ.
x ɇɚɱɢɧɚɣɬɟ ɪɟɡɤɭ, ɨɩɟɪɟɜ ɪɚɦɭ ɩɢɥɵ ɜ ɫɬɜɨɥ.
x Ⱦɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɶ ɜɫɟ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɞɨɥɠɟɧ ɪɚɛɨɬɚɬɶ ɧɚ ɩɨɥɧɵɯ ɨɛɨɪɨɬɚɯ.
x ɇɟ ɦɟɲɚɣɬɟ ɰɟɩɢ ɜɪɟɡɚɬɶɫɹ ɜ ɞɟɪɟɜɨ. Ɉɤɚɡɵɜɚɣɬɟ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɥɟɝɤɨɟ ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɩɨ
ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɸ ɜɧɢɡ.
x Ʉɚɤ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɪɟɡ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧ, ɨɬɩɭɫɬɢɬɟ ɪɵɱɚɝ ɞɪɨɫɫɟɥɹ, ɩɟɪɟɜɨɞɹ ɞɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɶ ɜ ɪɟɠɢɦ
ɯɨɥɨɫɬɨɝɨ ɯɨɞɚ. ȿɫɥɢ ɩɢɥɚ ɪɚɛɨɬɚɟɬ ɧɚ ɩɨɥɧɨɣ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɢ ɛɟɡ ɧɚɝɪɭɡɤɢ, ɨɧɚ
ɩɨɞɜɟɪɝɚɟɬɫɹ ɢɡɥɢɲɧɟɦɭ ɢɡɧɨɫɭ.
x ɑɬɨɛɵ ɧɟ ɭɬɪɚɬɢɬɶ ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɶ ɧɚɞ ɩɢɥɨɣ ɜ ɦɨɦɟɧɬ ɨɤɨɧɱɚɧɢɹ ɪɟɡɤɢ, ɧɟ ɞɚɜɢɬɟ ɧɚ
ɩɢɥɭ ɜ ɤɨɧɰɟ ɪɟɡɤɢ.
x ɉɟɪɟɞ ɨɩɭɫɤɚɧɢɟɦ ɩɢɥɵ ɨɫɬɚɧɚɜɥɢɜɚɣɬɟ ɞɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɶ.
ɉɊɂȿɆɕ ȼȺɅɄɂ ȾȿɊȿȼɖȿȼ
ɈɋɌɈɊɈɀɇɈ: ɇɟ ɪɟɠɶɬɟ ɞɟɪɟɜɶɹ ɜɛɥɢɡɢ ɡɞɚɧɢɣ ɢɥɢ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɩɪɨɜɨɞɨɜ, ɟɫɥɢ ɧɟ
ɡɧɚɟɬɟ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɩɚɞɟɧɢɹ ɞɟɪɟɜɚ, ɜ ɬɟɦɧɨɟ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɫɭɬɨɤ ɜ ɫɜɹɡɢ ɫ ɩɥɨɯɨɣ ɜɢɞɢɦɨɫɬɶɸ
ɢɥɢ ɜ ɩɥɨɯɭɸ ɩɨɝɨɞɭ, ɤɚɤ ɬɨ ɜ ɞɨɠɞɶ, ɫɧɟɝ ɢɥɢ ɩɪɢ ɫɢɥɶɧɨɦ ɜɟɬɪɟ, ɤɨɝɞɚ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ
ɩɚɞɟɧɢɹ ɧɟɩɪɟɞɫɤɚɡɭɟɦɨ.
Ɂɚɪɚɧɟɟ ɬɳɚɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɩɥɚɧɢɪɭɣɬɟ ɜɚɲɢ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹ ɫ ɩɢɥɨɣ. ɇɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ, ɱɬɨɛɵ ɜɨɤɪɭɝ ɞɟɪɟɜɚ
ɛɵɥɨ ɱɢɫɬɨ ɢ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɛɵɥɨ ɧɚɞɟɠɧɨ ɫɬɨɹɬɶ. ɉɪɨɜɟɪɶɬɟ, ɱɬɨɛɵ ɧɟ ɛɵɥɨ ɩɨɥɨɦɚɧɧɵɯ ɢɥɢ ɫɭɯɢɯ
ɜɟɬɨɤ, ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɦɨɝɭɬ ɭɩɚɫɬɶ, ɧɚɧɟɫɹ ɫɟɪɶɟɡɧɭɸ ɬɪɚɜɦɭ.
Ʉ ɟɫɬɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɦ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹɦ, ɜɥɢɹɸɳɢɦ ɧɚ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɩɚɞɟɧɢɹ ɞɟɪɟɜɚ, ɨɬɧɨɫɹɬɫɹ:
x ɇɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɢ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɶ ɜɟɬɪɚ.
x ɇɚɤɥɨɧ ɞɟɪɟɜɚ. ɇɚɤɥɨɧ ɞɟɪɟɜɚ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɛɵɬɶ ɧɟɨɱɟɜɢɞɟɧ ɢɡ-ɡɚ ɧɟɪɨɜɧɨɫɬɢ ɢɥɢ ɧɚɤɥɨɧɚ
ɩɥɨɳɚɞɤɢ. ɑɬɨɛɵ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɢɬɶ ɧɚɤɥɨɧ ɞɟɪɟɜɚ, ɩɨɥɶɡɭɣɬɟɫɶ ɨɬɜɟɫɨɦ ɢɥɢ ɭɪɨɜɧɟɦ.
x ȼɟɫ ɢ ɜɟɬɤɢ ɫ ɨɞɧɨɣ ɫɬɨɪɨɧɵ.
x Ɉɤɪɭɠɚɸɳɢɟ ɞɟɪɟɜɶɹ ɢ ɩɪɟɩɹɬɫɬɜɢɹ.
Ɉɫɦɨɬɪɢɬɟ ɞɟɪɟɜɨ ɧɚ ɩɪɟɞɦɟɬ ɝɧɢɥɢ ɢ ɬɪɭɯɢ. ȿɫɥɢ ɫɬɜɨɥ ɩɨɪɚɠɟɧ ɝɧɢɥɶɸ, ɨɧɨ ɦɨɠɟɬ
ɫɥɨɦɚɬɶɫɹ ɢ ɭɩɚɫɬɶ ɧɚ ɨɩɟɪɚɬɨɪɚ.
ɍɛɟɞɢɬɟɫɶ, ɱɬɨ ɢɦɟɟɬɫɹ ɞɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɨ ɦɟɫɬɚ ɞɥɹ ɩɚɞɟɧɢɹ ɞɟɪɟɜɚ. ɋɨɯɪɚɧɹɣɬɟ ɪɚɫɫɬɨɹɧɢɟ
ɞɥɢɧɨɣ 2-1/2 ɞɥɢɧɵ ɞɟɪɟɜɚ ɞɨ ɛɥɢɠɚɣɲɢɯ ɥɸɞɟɣ ɢɥɢ ɞɪɭɝɢɯ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɨɜ. ɒɭɦ ɞɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɹ
ɦɨɠɟɬ ɡɚɝɥɭɲɚɬɶ ɩɪɟɞɭɩɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɟ ɨɛ ɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ.
Ɉɱɢɫɬɢɬɟ ɞɟɪɟɜɨ, ɧɚ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɦ ɛɭɞɟɬ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɹɬɶɫɹ ɪɟɡɤɚ, ɨɬ ɝɪɹɡɢ, ɤɚɦɧɟɣ, ɨɬɫɨɟɞɢɧɢɜɲɟɣɫɹ
ɤɨɪɵ, ɝɜɨɡɞɟɣ, ɫɤɨɛ ɢ ɩɪɨɜɨɥɨɤɢ.
ȼȺɅɄȺ ȻɈɅɖɒɂɏ ȾȿɊȿȼɖȿȼ (ɞɢɚɦɟɬɪɨɦ 15 ɫɦ ɢ ɛɨɥɶɲɟ)
Ⱦɥɹ ɜɚɥɤɢ ɛɨɥɶɲɢɯ ɞɟɪɟɜɶɟɜ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɹɟɬɫɹ ɦɟɬɨɞ ɩɨɞɩɢɥɚ. ɉɨɞɩɢɥ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɹɟɬɫɹ ɧɚ ɬɨɣ
ɫɬɨɪɨɧɟ ɞɟɪɟɜɚ, ɧɚ ɤɨɬɨɪɭɸ ɟɝɨ ɯɨɬɹɬ ɩɨɜɚɥɢɬɶ. ɉɨɫɥɟ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɹ ɜɚɥɨɱɧɨɝɨ ɪɟɡɚ ɧɚ
ɩɪɨɬɢɜɨɩɨɥɨɠɧɨɣ ɫɬɨɪɨɧɟ, ɞɟɪɟɜɨ ɢɦɟɟɬ ɫɤɥɨɧɧɨɫɬɶ ɩɚɞɚɬɶ ɜ ɫɬɨɪɨɧɭ ɩɨɞɩɢɥɚ.
ȼɕɉɈɅɇȿɇɂȿ ɉɈȾɉɂɅȺ ɂ ȼȺɅɄȺ ȾȿɊȿȼȺ
x Ⱦɟɥɚɣɬɟ ɩɨɞɩɢɥ, ɩɪɨɪɟɡɚɹ ɟɝɨ ɫɧɚɱɚɥɚ ɫɜɟɪɯɭ. ɉɪɨɪɟɠɶɬɟ ɧɚ 1/3 ɞɢɚɦɟɬɪɚ ɞɟɪɟɜɚ.
Ɂɚɬɟɦ ɡɚɜɟɪɲɢɬɟ ɩɨɞɩɢɥ, ɩɪɨɪɟɡɚɜ ɟɝɨ ɫɧɢɡɭ. ɋɦ. ɪɢɫɭɧɨɤ. Ʉɨɝɞɚ ɩɨɞɩɢɥ ɩɪɨɪɟɡɚɧ,
ɭɞɚɥɢɬɟ ɢɡ ɞɟɪɟɜɚ ɜɵɪɟɡɚɧɧɭɸ ɞɪɟɜɟɫɢɧɭ.
Ɉɛɟɫɩɟɱɶɬɟ ɫɜɨɛɨɞɧɵɣ ɩɭɬɶ ɨɬɯɨɞɚ.
ɇɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɩɚɞɟɧɢɹ
ɉɭɬɶ ɨɬɯɨɞɚ
ɉɭɬɶ ɨɬɯɨɞɚ