Chapter 2: Basic Troubleshooting
11
Definitions
Troubleshooting - The act gathering information by per-
forming tests and direct observations.
Diagnosis
- A theory of what the problem is based on
the information gathered by troubleshooting.
Introduction
Diagnosing an engine is an art form that is built upon
several factors. First and most importantly is a good
understanding of how the engine works. The second is
skills that have been honed by experience. Finally the
use of visual observations and a structured, systematic
approach to troubleshooting a problem.
The first part of this chapter will outline the steps of
troubleshooting an engine so a technician can form a
proper diagnosis. The second half of this chapter will
describe specific procedures and tests to perform while
troubleshooting.
CAUTION: The first two rules in troubleshooting
is to cause no further harm to the engine and
prevent injuries. Always make sure to check the
oil for level and condition before starting an
engine. Also check attachments for damage and
make sure they are firmly mounted.
Steps of troubleshooting
NOTE: The steps and the order of the steps that
follow are a suggested approach to trouble-
shooting the MTD engine.
Define the problem
The first step in troubleshooting is to define the prob-
lem:
• Crankshaft will not turn.
a. Hard to pull rope, steady pressure
b. Rope jerks back
c. Rope will not pull at all
• Crankshaft turns, no start
• Starts, runs poorly
a. Starts, then dies
b. Runs with low power out put
c. Makes unusual smoke when running
I. Black smoke, usually heavy
II. White smoke, usually heavy
III. Blue smoke. usually light
d. Makes unusual sounds when running
I. Knock
II. Click
III. Chirp
IV. Unusual exhaust tone
There are tools that the technician can use in order to
define the problem, such as:
1. Interview the customer.
1a. Get a good description of their complaint.
1b. If it is an intermittent problem, verify what
conditions aggravates the problem as best
as possible.
1c. Get an accurate service history of the equip-
ment.
1d. Find out how the customer uses and stores
the equipment.
2. Direct observation:
2a. Do not take it that the customer is correct
with their description of the problem. Try to
duplicate the problem.
2b. Check the general condition of the equip-
ment (visually).
CHAPTER 2: BASIC TROUBLESHOOTING
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