SEBU8121 37
Operation Section
Cold Weather Operation
Cab heater line
s for very cold weather are also
beneficial. These lines provide more available heat
from the coolant to the cab. The feed from the engine
and the return
lines from the cab should be insulated
in order to reduce heat loss to the outside air.
Insulating t
he Air Inlet and Engine
Compartment
When tempera
tures below −18 °C (−0°F)willbe
frequently encountered, an air cleaner inlet that
is located in the engine compartment may be
specified. A
n air cleaner that is located in the engine
compartment may also minimize the entry of snow
into the air cleaner. Also, heat that is rejected by the
engine help
s to warm the intake air.
Additional heat can be retained around the engine by
insulating
the engine compartment.
i02237463
Fuel and the Effect from Cold
Weather
Note: Only use grades of fuel that are recommended
by Perkins. Refer to this Operation and Maintenance
Manual, “Fluid Recommendations”.
The following fuels can be used in this series of
engine.
•
Group 1
•
Group 2
•
Group 3
•
Special Fuels
PerkinspreferonlyGroup1andGroup2fuelsforuse
in this series of engines. Group 3 fuels include Low
Temperature Fuels and Aviation Kerosene Fuels.
Note: Group 3 fuels reduce the life of the engine. The
use of Group 3 fuels is not covered by the Perkins
warranty.
Special fuels include Biofuel.
Group 1 fuels are the preferred Group of Fuels for
general use by Perkins. Group 1 fuels maximize
engine life and engine performance. Group 1 fuels
are usually less availa ble than Group 2 fuels.
Frequently, Group 1 fuels are not available in colder
climates during the winter.
Note: Group 2 fu
els must have a maximum wear
scar of 650 micrometers (HFRR to ISO 12156-1).
Group 2 fuels a
re considered acceptable for issues
of warranty. This group of fuels may reduce the life
of the engine, the engine’s maximum power, and the
engine’s fue
lefficiency.
WhenGroup2dieselfuelsareusedthefollowing
components p
rovide a means of minimizing problems
in cold weather:
•
Glow plugs (i
f equipped)
•
Engine coolant heaters, which may be an OEM
option
•
Fuel heaters, which may be an OEM option
•
Fuel line insulation, which may be an OEM option
There are thr
ee major differences between Group
1 fuels and Group 2 fuels. Group 1 fuels have the
following different characteristics to Group 2 fuels.
•
A lower cloud point
•
A lower pour
point
•
A higher rating of kJ (BTU) per unit volume of fuel
The cloud point is the temperature when a cloud of
wax crystals begins to form in the fuel. These crystals
can cause th
e fuel filters to plug. The pour point is
the temperature when diesel fuel will thicken. The
diesel fuel becomes more resistant to flow through
fuel pumps
and through the fuel lines.
Be aware of these values when diesel fuel is
purchased
. Consider the average ambient air
temperature for the engine’s application. Engines
that are fueled in one climate may not operate well if
the engine
s are moved to another climate. Problems
can result due to changes in temperature.
Before tr
oubleshooting for low power or for poor
performance in the winter, check the type of fuel that
is being used.
Low temperature fuels may be available for engine
operation at temperatures below 0 °C (32 °F). These
fuels li
mit the formation of wax in the fuel at low
temperatures. Wax in the fuel may prevent the flow
of the fuel through the fuel filters.
For more information on cold weather operation, refer
to the Operation and Maintenance Manual, “Cold
Weather
Operation and Fuel Related Components in
Cold Weather”.
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