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Bulk Charge: This algorithm is used for day to day charging. It uses 100% of available solar
power to recharge the battery and is equivalent to constant current. In this stage the battery
voltage has not yet reached constant voltage (Equalize or Boost), the controller operates in
constant current mode, delivering its maximum current to the batteries (MPPT Charging) .
Float Charge: After the constant voltage stage, the controller will reduce the battery voltage
to a float voltage set point. Once the battery is fully charged, there will be no more chemical
reactions and all the charge current would turn into heat or gas. Because of this, The charge
controller will reduce the voltage charge to smaller quantity, while lightly charging the battery.
The purpose for this is to offset the power consumption while maintaining a full battery storage
capacity. In the event that a load drawn from the battery exceeds the charge current, the
controller will no longer be able to maintain the battery to a Float set point and the controller will
end the float charge stage and refer back to bulk charging.
Constant Charging: When the battery reaches the constant voltage set point, the controller
will start to operate in constant charging mode, where it is no longer MPPT charging. The current
will drop gradually. This has two stages, equalize and boost and they are not carried out constantly
in a full charge process to avoid too much gas precipitation or overheating of the battery.
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Boost Charge:
Boost stage maintains a charge for 2 hours by default. User Mode
can adjust the constant time and preset value of boost per their demand.
Equalization: Is carried out every 30 days. It is intentional overcharging of the battery for
a controlled period of time. Certain types of batteries benefit from periodic equalizing charge,
which can stir the electrolyte, balance battery voltage and complete chemical reaction.
Equalizing charge increases the battery voltage, higher than the standard complement
voltage, which gasifies the battery electrolyte.
Equalization may increase battery voltage to a level damaging to sensitive DC loads.
Ensure that all load allowable input voltages are greater than the equalizing charging
set point voltage.
Once equalization is active in the battery charging, it will not exit this stage unless
there is adequate charging current from the solar panel. There should be NO load on
the batteries when in equalization charging stage.
WARNING
Over-charging and excessive gas precipitation may damage the battery plates and
activate material shedding on them. Too high of equalizing charge or for too long
may cause damage. Please carefully review the specific requirements of the battery
used in the system.
WARNING
WARNING
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