E-DOC-CTC-20060609-0001 v2.0
Chapter 1
Introducing Wireless Networking
9
ISM band
WLANs operate in the ISM band. The Industrial, Scientific and Medical (ISM) radio bands were originally
reserved internationally for non-commercial use of RF electromagnetic fields for industrial, scientific and
medical purposes.
The ISM bands are defined by the ITU-R in 5.138 and 5.150 of the Radio Regulations. The channels and their
allocations are governed by regulatory bodies and can differ due to variations in national radio regulations.
However, many countries have similar spectrum regulations. The ETSI has the regulatory control over the
wireless spectrum in Europe, the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) in the United States, the
MPHPT in Japan.
Radiocommunication services operating within these bands must accept harmful interference, which may be
caused by these applications.
The different ISM bands are:
> 900 MHz band (902 - 928 MHz)
> 2.4 GHz band (2.4 - 2.5 GHz)
> 5.8 GHz band (5.725 - 5.875 GHz)
> 24 GHz band (24 - 24.25 GHz)
802.11g Further Higher-Speed Physical Layer Extension in the 2.4 GHz Band: 54 Mbps, 2.4 GHz
standard (backwards compatible with b) (2003).
802.11h Spectrum and Transmit Power Management Extensions in the 5 GHz band in Europe:
Spectrum Managed 802.11a for European compatibility (2004).
802.11i Medium Access Control (MAC) Security Enhancements: enhanced security (2004).
802.11j 4.9 GHz–5 GHz Operation in Japan: extensions for Japan (2004).
802.11k Radio resource measurement enhancements.
802.11m Maintenance of the standard.
802.11n Higher throughput improvements: aims for a data transmission rate of 540 Mbps.
802.11p WAVE - Wireless Access for the Vehicular Environment: to support Intelligent
Transportation Systems (ITS) applications.
802.11r Fast BSS transitions.
802.11s ESS Mesh Networking.
802.11T Wireless Performance Prediction (WPP) - test methods and metrics.
802.11u Interworking with non-802 networks (for example cellular).
802.11v Wireless network management.
802.11w Protected Management Frames.
802.11y Contention Based Protocol: defines 3.65 - 3.7 GHz operation in USA.
i
Not all standards are ratified yet.
Standard Description
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