ZyXEL Communications ZyXEL Dimension ES-2048 User Manual

ES-2048
Intelligent Layer 2 Switch
48-port Fast Ethernet +
2 GbE Dual Personality Interfaces (Copper/SFP)
User’s Guide
Version 3.70
8/2006
Edition 1

ZyXEL Communications ZyXEL Dimension ES-2048 Specifications

General

MAC Address Table Size	8K
Jumbo Frame Support	Yes
Jumbo Frame Support Size	9KB
Certifications	CE, FCC, RoHS
Features	IGMP snooping
Management	CLI
Operating Temperature	0°C to 40°C
Storage Temperature	-20°C to 70°C (-4°F to 158°F)
Humidity	10% to 90% (non-condensing)

Summary

Certifications

Federal Communications Commission (FCC) Interference Statement

Details the FCC compliance requirements and conditions for operation.

FCC Warning

Provides a warning regarding FCC compliance for Class A digital switches.

CE Mark Warning

Warns about potential radio interference in domestic environments for Class A products.

Taiwanese BSMI (Bureau of Standards, Metrology and Inspection) Warning

Provides a warning from Taiwanese authorities regarding product usage.

Notices

General notices regarding compliance and potential modifications.

Viewing Certifications

Instructions on how to view certification details on the ZyXEL website.

ZyXEL Limited Warranty

Registration

Information on registering the product online for firmware updates and information.

Customer Support

Preface

About This User's Guide

Introduces the manual's purpose and scope for the ES-2048 switch.

Related Documentation

Lists related documentation like online help and the ZyXEL website.

Syntax Conventions

Explains conventions used for keys, commands, and actions in the guide.

Chapter 1 Getting to Know Your Switch

1.1 Introduction

Provides an overview of the ES-2048 Layer 2 Ethernet switch features and management.

1.2 Software Features

Describes general software features including DHCP Client, VLAN, and Queuing.

1.3 Hardware Features

Details the hardware specifications of the ES-2048, including power and ports.

1.4 Applications

Illustrates example network configurations and applications for the switch.

Chapter 2 Hardware Installation and Connection

2.1 Freestanding Installation

Provides step-by-step instructions for installing the switch in a freestanding setup.

2.2 Mounting the Switch on a Rack

Details the requirements and steps for mounting the switch securely in a rack.

Chapter 3 Hardware Overview

3.1 Panel Connections

Describes the front and rear panel connections, including ports and LEDs.

3.1.1 Console Port

Explains how to connect and configure the console port for local management.

3.1.2 Ethernet Ports

Details the 48 10/100Mbps Ethernet ports and their auto-negotiation features.

3.1.3 Mini-GBIC Slots

Describes the slots for mini-GBIC transceivers for fiber optic connections.

3.1.4 Power Connector

Instructions for connecting the power cord to the switch.

3.2 LEDs

Explains the status and function of the LEDs on the switch.

Chapter 4 The Web Configurator

4.1 Introduction

Introduces the HTML-based management interface for switch setup and management.

4.2 System Login

Details the steps to log in to the web configurator using a web browser.

4.3 The Status Screen

Describes the initial screen displayed after logging into the web configurator.

4.4 Menu Overview

Explains the navigation panel and submenu links within the web configurator.

4.5 Saving Your Configuration

Instructions on how to save configuration changes to run-time memory.

4.6 Switch Lockout

Details methods to prevent unauthorized access through in-band management.

4.7 Resetting the Switch

Explains how to reset the switch to factory defaults or reload configuration files.

Chapter 5 Initial Setup Example

5.1 Overview

Lists the configuration steps for initial setup, including VLAN and IP configuration.

5.1.1 Creating a VLAN

Guides through creating a VLAN to partition the network logically.

5.1.2 Setting Port VID

Explains how to use PVID to tag incoming untagged frames for VLAN forwarding.

5.2 Configuring Switch Management IP Address

Details how to configure the switch's management IP address for network access.

Chapter 6 System Status and Port Statistics

6.1 Overview

Introduces the port statistical summary table and links to detailed port statistics.

6.2 Port Status Summary

Explains how to access and view port statistics through the Status screen.

6.2.1 Status: Port Details

Provides detailed information on individual port statistics and performance data.

Chapter 7 Basic Setting

7.1 Overview

Introduces configuration screens for System Info, General Setup, Switch Setup, IP Setup, and Port Setup.

7.2 System Information

Describes how to view firmware version, temperature, fan speeds, and voltage.

7.3 General Setup

Explains configuration of administrative details, time settings, and login precedence.

7.4 Introduction to VLANs

Explains the concept of Virtual Local Area Networks and their benefits.

7.5 Switch Setup Screen

Details how to configure global switch parameters like VLAN type.

7.6 IP Setup

Covers configuration of default gateway, DNS server, and switch IP addresses.

7.6.1 Management IP Addresses

Explains how to set management IP addresses for network access and management.

7.7 Port Setup

Guides on configuring switch port settings like speed, duplex, and flow control.

Chapter 8 VLAN

8.1 Introduction to IEEE 802.1Q Tagged VLAN

Explains the IEEE 802.1Q standard for tagged VLANs and frame structure.

8.2 Automatic VLAN Registration

Details GARP and GVRP protocols for automatic VLAN membership registration.

8.3 Port VLAN Trunking

Explains how to enable VLAN Trunking for passing unknown VLAN group tags.

8.4 Select the VLAN Type

Describes how to select between 802.1Q and Port Based VLAN types.

8.5 Static VLAN

Covers configuring static VLANs for deciding frame forwarding based on tags.

8.5.1 Static VLAN Status

Shows the status of configured VLANs, including index and VID.

8.5.2 Static VLAN Details

Provides detailed port settings and status for individual VLAN groups.

8.5.3 Configure a Static VLAN

Guides on configuring 802.1Q VLAN parameters for the switch.

8.5.4 Configure VLAN Port Settings

Explains how to configure static VLAN settings for specific ports.

8.6 Protocol Based VLANs

Describes grouping traffic into logical VLANs based on specified protocols.

8.7 Configuring Protocol Based VLAN

Guides on configuring protocol-based VLANs for traffic prioritization.

8.8 Create an IP-based VLAN Example

Demonstrates creating an IP-based VLAN with specific ports and settings.

8.9 Port Based VLAN Setup

Explains setting up port-based VLANs where forwarding decisions are based on MAC address.

8.9.1 Configure a Port Based VLAN

Guides through configuring port-based VLANs, including port isolation.

Chapter 9 Static MAC Forwarding

9.1 Overview

Introduces static MAC addresses and their role in reducing broadcasting needs.

9.2 Configuring Static MAC Forwarding

Details how to set up static MAC address rules for specific ports.

Chapter 10 Filtering

10.1 Configure a Filtering Rule

Explains how to sift traffic based on source/destination MAC addresses and VLAN group.

Chapter 11 Spanning Tree Protocol

11.1 STP/RSTP Overview

Introduces Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) and Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol (RSTP).

11.1.1 STP Terminology

Defines key terms like root bridge, path cost, and port states in STP.

11.1.2 How STP Works

Explains the process of STP in detecting and breaking network loops.

11.1.3 STP Port States

Describes the five port states used by STP to prevent packet looping.

11.2 Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol Status

Shows how to view RSTP settings and status information.

11.3 Configure Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol

Guides on configuring RSTP settings such as bridge priority and timers.

Chapter 12 Bandwidth Control

12.1 Bandwidth Control Overview

Defines bandwidth control and explains CIR (Committed Information Rate) and PIR (Peak Information Rate).

12.1.1 CIR and PIR

Explains the guaranteed and maximum allowable bandwidth for traffic flows.

12.2 Bandwidth Control Setup

Details the configuration screen for setting bandwidth limits on ports.

Chapter 13 Broadcast Storm Control

13.1 Broadcast Storm Control Overview

Explains broadcast storm control for limiting broadcast, multicast, and DLF packets.

13.2 Broadcast Storm Control Setup

Guides on configuring limits for broadcast, multicast, and DLF packets per second.

Chapter 14 Mirroring

14.1 Port Mirroring Setup

Details how to copy traffic flow to a monitor port for traffic examination.

Chapter 15 Link Aggregation

15.1 Link Aggregation Overview

Explains link aggregation (trunking) for grouping physical ports into a logical link.

15.2 Dynamic Link Aggregation

Describes dynamic link aggregation using IEEE 802.3ad and LACP protocol.

15.3 Link Aggregation Control Protocol Status

Shows the status of LACP and trunk groups, including aggregator ID information.

15.4 Link Aggregation Setup

Guides on configuring link aggregation groups and LACP settings.

Chapter 16 Port Authentication

16.1 Port Authentication Overview

Introduces IEEE 802.1x and RADIUS for centralized user authentication.

16.1.1 RADIUS

Explains RADIUS as a protocol for authenticating users via an external server.

16.1.1.1 Vendor Specific Attribute

Describes Vendor Specific Attributes (VSAs) for configuring user actions.

16.1.1.2 Tunnel Protocol Attribute

Explains how to configure tunnel protocol attributes for VLAN assignment.

16.2 Port Authentication Configuration

Details activating IEEE 802.1x security and configuring RADIUS server settings.

16.2.1 Configuring RADIUS Server Settings

Guides on configuring IP address, UDP port, and shared secret for RADIUS servers.

16.2.2 Activate IEEE 802.1x Security

Explains how to activate IEEE 802.1x security on the switch and ports.

Chapter 17 Port Security

17.1 Port Security Setup

Allows packets with learned or static MAC addresses to pass through a port.

17.2 Port Security Setup

Details how to enable port security and manage MAC address learning.

Chapter 18 Queuing Method

18.1 Queuing Method Overview

Explains queuing for traffic management and priority settings.

18.1.1 Strictly Priority

Describes Strictly Priority (SP) queuing based solely on priority levels.

18.1.2 Weighted Fair Queuing

Explains Weighted Fair Queuing (WFQ) for guaranteed minimum bandwidth.

18.1.3 Weighted Round Robin Scheduling (WRR)

Describes Weighted Round Robin (WRR) for servicing queues on a rotating basis.

18.2 Configuring Queuing

Guides on configuring queuing methods like SPQ, WFQ, and WRR.

Chapter 19 Multicast

19.1 Multicast Overview

Introduces multicast, IP multicast addresses, and IGMP protocol.

19.1.1 IP Multicast Addresses

Explains IP multicast address ranges and their usage for group communication.

19.1.2 IGMP Filtering

Details controlling IGMP group subscriptions on a per-port basis.

19.1.3 IGMP Snooping

Describes IGMP snooping for learning multicast group membership passively.

19.2 Multicast Status

Shows multicast group information and status on the switch.

19.3 Multicast Settings

Guides on configuring various multicast settings.

19.4 IGMP Filtering Profile

Allows control over access to IGMP multicast groups via filtering profiles.

19.5 MVR Overview

Introduces Multicast VLAN Registration (MVR) for sharing multicast VLANs.

19.7 MVR Group Configuration

Explains configuring MVR IP multicast group addresses in the Group Configuration screen.

Chapter 20 DHCP Relay

20.1 DHCP Relay Overview

Explains configuring the switch to relay client DHCP requests to a server.

20.1.1 DHCP Relay Agent Information

Details adding agent information (Option 82) to DHCP requests for authentication.

20.2 DHCP Relay Configuration

Guides on configuring DHCP relay information and specifying DHCP servers.

Chapter 21 Static Route

21.1 Configure Static Routing

Explains how to configure static routes to manually define IP traffic forwarding.

Chapter 22 DiffServ Code Point

22.1 DiffServ Overview

Introduces Quality of Service (QoS) and DiffServ model for traffic prioritization.

22.1.1 DSCP and Per-Hop Behavior

Explains DiffServ Code Points (DSCPs) for marking packets and defining service levels.

22.1.2 DiffServ Network Example

Provides a simple DiffServ network example illustrating traffic handling.

22.2 Activating DiffServ

Guides on enabling DiffServ on selected ports for QoS.

22.3 DSCP-to-IEEE802.1p Priority Mapping Settings

Details mapping DSCP values to IEEE802.1p priority for traffic prioritization.

Chapter 23 Maintenance

23.1 The Maintenance Screen

Provides access to screens for firmware and configuration file maintenance.

23.2 Load Factory Default

Guides on resetting the switch back to its factory default configurations.

23.3 Save Configuration

Explains how to save current configuration settings to Configuration 1 or 2.

23.4 Reboot System

Details how to restart the switch and load specific configuration files.

23.5 Firmware Upgrade

Provides instructions for upgrading the switch firmware.

23.6 Restore a Configuration File

Guides on restoring a previously saved configuration from a computer.

23.7 Backup a Configuration File

Explains how to create configuration backups for later restoration.

23.8 FTP Command Line

Introduces uploading and downloading files using FTP commands.

Chapter 24 Access Control

24.1 Access Control Overview

Describes allowed access sessions for console, Telnet, FTP, SSH, and Web.

24.2 The Access Control Main Screen

Shows the main screen for configuring remote management and user accounts.

24.3 About SNMP

Explains Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) for managing network devices.

24.4 Setting Up Login Accounts

Details how to set up administrator and non-administrator user accounts.

24.5 SSH Overview

Introduces Secure Shell (SSH) as a secure communication protocol.

24.7 SSH Implementation on the Switch

Describes SSH version 2 support for remote management and file transfer.

24.8 Introduction to HTTPS

Explains HTTPS for secure web access and its reliance on certificates.

24.10 Service Port Access Control

Allows configuration of trusted computers for accessing switch services.

24.11 Remote Management

Details specifying trusted computers for administrative access to switch services.

Chapter 25 Diagnostic

25.1 Diagnostic

Provides tools to check system logs, ping IP addresses, and perform port tests.

Chapter 26 Syslog

26.1 Overview

Explains the syslog protocol for sending event notification messages to servers.

26.2 Syslog Setup

Guides on configuring the switch's system logging settings for external servers.

26.3 Syslog Server Setup

Details how to configure a list of external syslog servers for log management.

Chapter 27 Cluster Management

27.1 Clustering Management Status Overview

Introduces managing switches through a single cluster manager switch.

27.2 Clustering Management Status

Shows the status of cluster members, including manager and online/offline states.

27.2.1 Cluster Member Switch Management

Guides on accessing cluster member switches via the cluster manager.

27.2.1.1 Uploading Firmware to a Cluster Member Switch

Explains how to use FTP to upload firmware to a cluster member switch.

27.3 Clustering Management Configuration

Details configuring cluster management settings, including manager and candidates.

Chapter 28 MAC Table

28.1 MAC Table Overview

Introduces the MAC Table (filtering database) for frame forwarding decisions.

28.2 Viewing the MAC Table

Shows how to display and sort MAC address entries by MAC, VID, or port.

Chapter 29 ARP Table

29.1 ARP Table Overview

Explains Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) for mapping IP to MAC addresses.

29.1.1 How ARP Works

Describes the ARP process of resolving IP addresses to MAC addresses.

29.2 Viewing the ARP Table

Guides on viewing the ARP table for IP-to-MAC address mappings.

Chapter 30 Configure Clone

30.1 Configure Clone Settings

Allows copying basic and advanced settings from a source port to destination ports.

Chapter 31 Introducing Commands

31.1 Overview

Introduces using commands for switch configuration, diagnosis, and troubleshooting.

31.2 Accessing the CLI

Explains accessing the Command Line Interface via console or Telnet.

31.2.1 The Console Port

Details connection and configuration parameters for the console port.

31.3 The Login Screen

Describes the login screen and default administrator credentials.

31.4 Command Syntax Conventions

Explains the rules and conventions for command syntax in the CLI.

31.5 Changing the Password

Guides on changing the password for Enable and Config modes.

31.6 Privilege Levels

Explains privilege levels for accessing commands and their assignment.

31.7 Command Modes

Describes the User, Enable, and Configure modes in the command interpreter.

31.8 Getting Help

Explains how to access command help and descriptions within the system.

31.8.1 List of Available Commands

Provides lists of available commands and their syntax.

31.9 Using Command History

Describes how to reuse previously entered commands using the history feature.

31.10 Saving Your Configuration

Explains the 'write memory' command to save configuration changes permanently.

31.11 Command Summary

Provides a summary of available commands organized by mode.

Chapter 32 User and Enable Mode Commands

32.1 Overview

Introduces commands for diagnosing and managing the switch in User and Enable modes.

32.2 show Commands

Details commonly used 'show' commands for displaying system and interface information.

32.3 ping

Explains the 'ping' command for testing connectivity to Ethernet devices.

32.4 traceroute

Describes the 'traceroute' command for determining packet paths to devices.

32.5 Copy Port Attributes

Guides on using 'copy running-config' to replicate port attributes to other ports.

32.6 Configuration File Maintenance

Explains managing configuration files, including using different files and resetting defaults.

Chapter 33 Configuration Mode Commands

33.1 Enabling IGMP Snooping

Guides on enabling IGMP snooping and configuring traffic handling for multicast groups.

33.2 Configure IGMP Filter

Details configuring IGMP filtering profiles to control access to multicast groups.

33.3 Enabling STP

Explains commands to enable and configure Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) on the switch.

33.4 no Command Examples

Provides examples of 'no' commands used to disable or reset features.

33.5 Queuing Method Commands

Describes commands for configuring queuing methods for outgoing traffic.

33.6 Static Route Commands

Guides on creating and configuring static routes using the 'ip route' command.

33.7 Enabling MAC Filtering

Explains creating filters to drop packets based on source or destination MAC addresses.

33.8 Enabling Trunking

Details creating and enabling trunk groups and LACP.

33.9 Enabling Port Authentication

Guides on enabling port authentication and configuring RADIUS server settings.

33.9.1 RADIUS Server Settings

Explains how to set up RADIUS server details using command interpreter mode.

33.9.2 Port Authentication Settings

Details configuring port security and reauthentication settings.

Chapter 34 Interface Commands

34.1 Overview

Introduces interface commands for configuring the switch on a port-by-port basis.

34.2 Interface Command Examples

Provides examples of frequently used interface commands for port configuration.

34.2.1 interface port-channel

Enables specified ports for configuration, supporting comma-separated lists and ranges.

34.2.2 bpdu-control

Sets how Bridge Protocol Data Units (BPDUs) are used in STP port states.

34.2.3 broadcast-limit

Enables broadcast storm control limit on the switch.

34.2.4 bandwidth-limit

Enables bandwidth control on the switch for ports.

34.2.5 mirror

Enables port mirroring on the interface for traffic analysis.

34.2.6 gvrp

Enables GVRP for propagating VLAN information beyond the local switch.

34.2.7 ingress-check

Enables discarding incoming frames for VLANs not included in a port member set.

34.2.8 frame-type

Allows selection of accepted frame types (tagged, untagged, or all).

34.2.9 weight

Sets the interface WFQ weighting, assigning values from 1 to 8.

34.2.10 egress set

Sets the outgoing traffic port list for a port-based VLAN.

34.2.11 qos priority

Sets the quality of service priority for a port using IEEE 802.1p.

34.2.12 name

Assigns a descriptive name to ports for identification purposes.

34.2.13 speed-duplex

Sets the duplex mode (half/full) and speed (10/100/1000 Mbps) of a port.

34.2.14 test

Performs an interface loopback test on specified ports.

Chapter 35 IEEE 802.1Q Tagged VLAN Commands

35.1 Configuring Tagged VLAN

Guides on configuring tagged VLANs using IEEE 802.1Q commands.

35.2 Global VLAN1Q Tagged VLAN Configuration Commands

Shows how to configure and monitor IEEE 802.1Q Tagged VLANs globally.

35.3 Port VLAN Commands

Details configuring switch port VLAN settings within config-interface mode.

35.3.1 Set Port VID

Explains setting the default VLAN ID (VID) on ports for VLAN assignment.

35.3.2 Set Acceptable Frame Type

Allows specifying acceptance of tagged, untagged, or all Ethernet frames.

35.3.3 Enable or Disable Port GVRP

Guides on enabling or disabling GVRP on ports for VLAN propagation.

35.3.4 Modify Static VLAN

Explains configuring the static VLAN table with port assignments.

35.3.5 Delete VLAN ID

Guides on deleting specified VLAN ID entries from the static VLAN table.

35.4 Enable VLAN

Explains how to enable a specified VLAN ID in the Static VLAN table.

35.5 Disable VLAN

Guides on disabling a specified VLAN ID in the Static VLAN table.

35.6 Show VLAN Setting

Shows the IEEE 802.1Q Tagged SVLAN (Static VLAN) table.

Chapter 36 Multicast VLAN Registration Commands

36.1 Overview

Introduces Multicast VLAN Registration (MVR) commands for multicast VLAN configuration.

36.2 Create Multicast VLAN

Guides on configuring a multicast VLAN group using config-mvr mode.

Chapter 37 Troubleshooting

37.1 Problems Starting Up the Switch

Addresses issues related to the switch not powering on or LEDs not illuminating.

37.2 Problems Accessing the Switch

Covers issues preventing access via Telnet or the web configurator.

37.2.1 Pop-up Windows, JavaScripts and Java Permissions

Ensures browser settings like pop-ups, JavaScript, and Java are enabled for the web configurator.

37.3 Problems with the Password

Addresses issues related to incorrect or forgotten administrator passwords.

APPENDIX A Product Specifications

APPENDIX B IP Addresses and Subnetting

Introduction to IP Addresses

Introduces IP addresses, network numbers, host IDs, and IP address classes.

IP Address Classes and Hosts

Explains IP address classes and the number of hosts per class.

IP Address Classes and Network ID

Details how the first octet determines IP address class and network ID.

Subnet Masks

Explains subnet masks for determining network and host ID bits.

Subnetting

Describes subnetting techniques, ignoring class arrangement and converting host bits.

Example: Two Subnets

Illustrates creating two subnets by dividing a class C address space.

Example: Four Subnets

Demonstrates dividing a class C address space into four subnets.

Example Eight Subnets

Shows how to create eight subnets using a 27-bit mask.

Subnetting With Class A and Class B Networks

Explains subnetting for Class A and Class B addresses based on subnet masks.