3-1
Chapter 3
Operation
Title Page
Connections to Measuring Circuits...................................................................... 3-3
Connecting Sequence ...................................................................................... 3-3
Connection Diagrams ...................................................................................... 3-4
1-Phase Measurement ................................................................................. 3-4
3-Wire Network with Two Current Sensors (ARON2 Method) ................. 3-5
3-Wire Network with Two Current Sensors (ARON2 Method,
Open Delta Method).................................................................................... 3-7
4-Wire Network: 3-Wattmeter Method....................................................... 3-8
Four-Wire Network: Three-Wattmeter Method with N Conductor
Voltage and N Conductor Current .............................................................. 3-9
Two Star-Connected Voltage Systems........................................................ 3-11
Two Voltage Systems in Delta Configuration ............................................ 3-12
Methods of Measurement/Formulas .................................................................... 3-13
Parameter Aggregation.................................................................................... 3-13
Calculation of Power Parameters .................................................................... 3-14
Aggregations 200 ms and higher................................................................. 3-14
Real power .................................................................................................. 3-14
Apparent power........................................................................................... 3-15
Reactive power............................................................................................ 3-15
Power factor ................................................................................................ 3-16
Displacement power factor cos φ................................................................ 3-16
Half and full cycle aggregations...................................................................... 3-17
Real power .................................................................................................. 3-17
Apparent power........................................................................................... 3-18
Reactive power............................................................................................ 3-18
Power factor ................................................................................................ 3-18
Events and Flicker ........................................................................................... 3-18
Harmonics and Interharmonics Parameters..................................................... 3-19
Signaling Voltage ............................................................................................ 3-22
Unbalance, Overdeviation, Underdeviation .................................................... 3-22
Current Unbalance ...................................................................................... 3-23
Overdeviation and Underdeviation ............................................................. 3-24
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