Questions and answers
1. How can the BIOS settings be restored (returned to factory settings)?
IMPORTANT: Restore defaults does not securely erase any data on your hard drive. See question and
answer 6 for steps to securely erase data.
Restore defaults does not reset the Customer Secure Boot key. See question and answer 7 for
information about resetting the key.
a. Turn on or restart the computer, and then press esc while the “Press the ESC key for Startup
Menu” message is displayed at the bottom of the screen.
b. Select Main, and then select Restore defaults.
The Unified Extensible Firmware Interface (UEFI) BIOS an industry-standard software interface
between the platform firmware and an operating system (OS). It is a replacement for the older
BIOS architecture, but supports much of the legacy BIOS functionality.
Like the legacy BIOS, the UEFI BIOS provides an interface display the system information,
configuration settings, and change the configuration of your computer before an OS is loaded.
BIOS is provides a secure run-time environment that supports a Graphic User Interface (GUI). In
this environment, you can use either a pointing device (Touchscreen, TouchPad, pointing stick, or
USB mouse) or the keyboard to navigate and make menu and configuration selections. The UEFI
BIOS also contains basic system diagnostics.
The UEFI BIOS provides functionality beyond that of the legacy BIOS. In addition the UEFI BIOS
works to initialize the computer’s hardware before loading and executing the OS, the run-time
environment allows the loading and execution of software programs from storage devices to
provide more functionality, such as advanced hardware diagnostics (with the ability to display
more detailed system information) and advanced firmware management and recovery software.
c. Follow the on-screen instructions.
The UEFI BIOS resides on a flash memory chip. A utility is required to write to the chip.
d. Select Main, select Save Changes and Exit, and then follow the on-screen instructions.
2. What is a UEFI BIOS, and how is it different from a legacy BIOS?
3. Where does the UEFI BIOS reside?
4. What kind of configuration data is stored on the DIMM Serial Presence Detect (SPD) memory
module? How would this data be written?
The DIMM SPD memory contains information about the memory module, such as size, serial number,
data width, speed/timing, voltage, and thermal information. This information is written by the module
manufacturer and stored on an EEPROM. This EEPROM cannot be written to when the memory module is
installed in a PC. Third-party tools do exist that can write to the EEPROM when the memory module is
not installed in a PC. Various third-party tools are available to read SPD memory.
5. What is meant by “Restore the nonvolatile memory found in Intel-based system boards”?
This message relates to clearing the Real Time Clock (RTC) CMOS memory that contains PC
configuration data.
6. How can the BIOS security be reset to factory defaults and data erased?
IMPORTANT: Resetting will result in the loss of information. These steps will not reset a Customer
Secure Boot Key.
See question and answer 7 for information about resetting the key.
56 Chapter 9 Statement of memory volatility
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