SEBU8121 45
Maintenance Section
Refill Capacities
The preferred f
uels provide maximum engine service
life and performance. The preferred fuels are distillate
fuels. These fuels are commonly called diesel fuel
or gas oil.
The permissible fuels are crude oils or blended fuels.
Use of these f
uels can result in higher maintenance
costs and in reduced engine service life.
Diesel fuels
that meet the specifications in Table
8willhelptoprovidemaximumengineservicelife
and performance. In North America, diesel fuel that
is identifie
d as No. 2-D in “ASTM D975” generally
meets the specifications. Table 8 is for diesel fuels
that are distilled from crude oil. Diesel fuels from
other sourc
es could exhibit detrimental properties
that are not defined or controlled by this specification.
Table 8
Perkins Specifications for Distillate Diesel Fuel
Specifica
tions
Requirements
ASTM Test
Aromatics 35% maximum “D1319”
Ash
0.02% maximum
(weight)
“D482”
Carbon Residue
on 10% Bottoms
0.35% maximum
(weight)
“D524”
Cetane Number
40 minimum (DI
engines)
“D613”
Cloud Point
The cloud
point must not
exceed the
lowest expected
ambient
temperature.
-
(continued)
(Tab le 8, contd)
Copper Strip
Corrosion
No. 3 maximum
“D130”
10% at 282 °C
(540 °F)
maximum
Distillation
90% at 360 °C
(680 °F)
maximum
“D86”
Flash Point legal limit “D93”
30 minimum
API Gravity
45 maximum
“D287”
Pour Point
6°C(10°F)
minimum
below ambient
temperature
“D97”
Sulfur
(1)
0.2% maximu
m
“D3605”
or
“D1552”
Kinematic
Viscosity
(2)
2.0 cSt minimum
and 4.5 cSt
maximum at
40 °C (104 °F)
“D445”
Water and
Sediment
0.1% maximum
“D1796”
Water
0.1% maxi
mum
“D1744”
Sediment
0.05% maximum
(weight)
“D473”
Gum and Resins
(3)
10 mg per 100
mL maximum
“D381”
Lubricity
(4)
0.38 mm
(0.015 i
nch)
maximum at
25 °C (77 °F)
“D6079”
(1)
Perkins fuel s ystem s and engine components can operate
on high sulfur fuels. Fuel sulfur levels affect exhaust
emissions. H igh sulfur fuels also increase the potential
for corrosion of internal components. Fuel sulfur levels
above 0.5 percent may significantly shorten the oil change
interval. For additional information, see this publication, “Fluid
Recommendations/Engine Oil” topic (Maintenance Section).
(2)
The values of the fuel v iscosity are the values as the fuel
is delivered to the fuel injection pumps. If a fuel with a low
viscosity is used, cooling of the fuel may be required to
maintain a 1.4 cSt viscosity at the f uel injection pum p. Fuels
with a high viscosity might require fuel heaters in order to bring
down the visc o sity to a 20 cS t viscosit y.
(3)
Follow the test conditions and procedures for gasoline (motor).
(4)
The lubricity of a fuel is a concern with low sulfur fuel. To
determine the lubricity of the fuel, use either the “AS TM D6078
Scuffing Load Wear Test (SBOCLE )” or the “ASTM D6079 High
Frequency Reciprocating Rig (HFRR)” test. If the lubricity of a
fuel does not meet the minimum requirements, consult your
fuel supplier. Do not treat the fuel without consulting the fuel
supplier. Som e additives are not c ompatible. These additives
can cause problems in the fuel system.
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