Getting Started
1-5
PV Cell Temperature Measurement Is Incorrect........................................................................................... 7-117
One or More Bypass Diodes Are Shorted ..................................................................................................... 7-117
4. ROUNDER KNEE .............................................................................................................................................. 7-118
5. STEEPER SLOPE IN HORIZONTAL LEG .............................................................................................................. 7-119
Tapered shade or dirt dam across all cell groups .......................................................................................... 7-119
Increased Shunting in PV Cells .................................................................................................................... 7-119
6. LESS STEEP SLOPE IN VERTICAL LEG ............................................................................................................... 7-120
PV Wiring Has Excess Resistance ................................................................................................................ 7-120
Electrical Interconnections in the Array Are Resistive ................................................................................. 7-121
Series Resistance of PV Modules Has Increased .......................................................................................... 7-121
TROUBLESHOOTING PV ARRAYS ....................................................................................................................... 7-121
8 TRANSLATION OF I-V DATA TO STANDARD TEST CONDITIONS ................................................. 8-123
PARAMETER DEFINITIONS .................................................................................................................................. 8-123
TRANSLATION EQUATIONS ................................................................................................................................. 8-124
Figures
FIGURE 1. PVA-1500S/V2/V3/V4/T MC-4 TO ALLIGATOR CLIP (LEFT), AND PVA-1500HE BANANA JACK TO
ALLIGATOR CLIP (MIDDLE) AND BANANA JACK TO GOLD-PLATED MC-4 (RIGHT) ................................... 1-18
FIGURE 2. WELCOME SCREEN ................................................................................................................................ 1-22
FIGURE 3. PREREQUISITES DIALOG ........................................................................................................................ 1-23
FIGURE 4. INSTALLATION DEFAULT LOCATION DIALOG ....................................................................................... 1-23
FIGURE 5. INSTALLATION COMPLETE DIALOG ...................................................................................................... 1-24
FIGURE 6. THE SOFTWARE USER INTERFACE ......................................................................................................... 1-24
FIGURE 7. DIRECTORY STRUCTURE OF PVA SOFTWARE ...................................................................................... 1-25
FIGURE 8. BATTERY CHARGER CONNECTOR ON THE I-V MEASUREMENT UNIT ................................................. 1-25
FIGURE 9. CHARGER CONNECTED .......................................................................................................................... 1-26
FIGURE 10. THE WIFI NETWORK OF THE PVA-1500, SOLSENSOR, AND YOUR PC. ............................................ 1-27
FIGURE 11. LED-ILLUMINATED BUTTON SWITCH ................................................................................................. 2-29
FIGURE 12. SOLSENSOR MOUNTED ON THE FRAME OF A PV MODULE ................................................................. 2-32
FIGURE 13. SOLSENSOR TOOL LANYARD SECURED TO A RACKING MEMBER. ...................................................... 2-33
FIGURE 14. SOLSENSOR CORRECTLY SEATED ALONG THE UPPER HORIZONTAL LEG OF THE MODULE FRAME. 2-34
FIGURE 15. TIP OF FRAME CLAMP PROPERLY SEATED ON INSIDE SURFACE OF MODULE FRAME ........................ 2-34
FIGURE 16. THERMOCOUPLE PLUGGED INTO THE TC1 CONNECTOR. .................................................................. 2-35
FIGURE 17. LOCATING THE THERMOCOUPLE TIP ON A SINGLE FREE-STANDING MODULE. ................................. 2-35
FIGURE 18. SOLSENSOR PUSHBUTTON WITH LED LIT. LED BLINKS UNTIL WIRELESS NETWORK IS ESTABLISHED,
AFTER WHICH IT REMAINS ON. ............................................................................................................. 2-36
FIGURE 19. TRIPOD MOUNTING SETUP ................................................................................................................... 2-38
FIGURE 20. EXAMPLE OF I-V MEASUREMENT UNIT TEST LEADS CLIPPED TO THE BUSS BARS OF A PV COMBINER
BOX ........................................................................................................................................................ 2-40
FIGURE 21. POWERING-UP THE I-V MEASUREMENT UNIT ................................................................................... 2-41
FIGURE 22. PVA SOFTWARE MAIN SCREEN ........................................................................................................... 3-46
FIGURE 23. FILE MENU .......................................................................................................................................... 3-47
FIGURE 24. THE SITE INFO SCREEN OF THE NEW PROJECT WIZARD .................................................................. 3-48
FIGURE 25. CONTROLS IN THE SITE INFO SCREEN, SET FOR A FIXED ARRAY WITH 180-DEGREE AZIMUTH. ...... 3-48
FIGURE 26. MOST COMMON SETTINGS FOR A HORIZONTAL SINGLE-AXIS TRACKING SYSTEM. .......................... 3-49
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