Glossary
Glossary
BeiDou
The BeiDou Navigation System (Compass) Navigation Satellite System is a Chinese
satellite navigation system.
The first BeiDou system (known as BeiDou-1), consists of three satellites and has limited
coverage and applications. It has been offering navigation services mainly for customers
in China and from neighboring regions since 2000.
The second generation of the system (known as Compass or BeiDou-2) consists of 35
satellites. It became operational with coverage of China in December 2011 with 10
satellites in use. Services were planned to be offered to customers in Asia-Pacific
region by 2012 and the global system should be finished by 2020.
carrier
A radio wave having at least one characteristic (such as frequency, amplitude, or phase)
that can be varied from a known reference value by modulation.
carrier frequency
The frequency of the unmodulated fundamental output of a radio transmitter. The GPS
L1 carrier frequency is 1575.42 MHz.
carrier phase
Is the cumulative phase count of the GPS or GLONASS carrier signal at a given time.
CMR/CMR+
Compact Measurement Record. A real-time message format developed by Trimble for
broadcasting corrections to other Trimble receivers. CMR is a more efficient alternative
to RTCM.
CMRx
A real-time message format developed by Trimble for transmitting more satellite
corrections resulting from more satellite signals, more constellations, and more
satellites. Its compactness means more repeaters can be used on a site.
DGNSS
See real-time differential GNSS.
differential GNSS
See real-time differential GNSS.
EGNOS
European Geostationary Navigation Overlay Service. A Satellite-Based Augmentation
System (SBAS) that provides a free-to-air differential correction service for GNSS.
EGNOS is the European equivalent of WAAS, which is available in the United States.
firmware
The program inside the receiver that controls receiver operations and hardware.
GAGAN
GPS Aided Geo Augmented Navigation. A regional SBAS system currently in
development by the Indian government.
Galileo
Galileo is a GNSS system built by the European Union and the European Space Agency.
It is complimentary to GPS and GLONASS.
GLONASS
Global Orbiting Navigation Satellite System. Ccomparable to the American GPS system,
GLONASS is a space-based navigation system operated by the Russian Aerospace
Defence Forces, consisting of 24 satellites in 3 orbit planes.
GNSS
Global Navigation Satellite System.
GPS
Global Positioning System. GPSis a space-based satellite navigation system consisting of
multiple satellites in six orbit planes.
L1
The primary L-band carrier used by GPS and GLONASS satellites to transmit satellite
data.
MSAS
Multi-functional Satellite Augmentation System. A Satellite-Based Augmentation System
(SBAS) that provides a free-to-air differential correction service for GNSS. MSAS is the
Japanese equivalent of WAAS.
QZSS
Quasi-Zenith Satellite System. A Japanese regional time transfer and Satellite Based
Trimble R1 GNSS Receiver User Guide 22