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Apple Remote Desktop User Manual

Apple Remote Desktop
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Apple Remote
Desktop
Administrator Guide
Version 3.3

Table of Contents

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Apple Remote Desktop Specifications

General IconGeneral
DeveloperApple Inc.
PlatformmacOS
CategoryRemote Desktop Software
LicenseProprietary
Latest Version3.9.5
FunctionalityRemote management of Macs, software distribution, asset management, and remote assistance.
FeaturesRemote control, software deployment, reporting
System RequirementsmacOS 10.15.7 or later

Summary

About This Guide

What Is Apple Remote Desktop?

Explains the core functionality and purpose of Apple Remote Desktop software.

Using This Guide

Details how to navigate and utilize the administrator guide effectively.

Remote Desktop Help

Describes how to access and use the built-in help system for Remote Desktop.

Notation Conventions

Explains the symbols and formatting used in the guide for clarity.

Terminal Command Conventions

Defines the notation used for terminal commands and their elements.

Where to Find More Information About Apple Remote Desktop

Lists external resources and websites for additional information.

Using Apple Remote Desktop

Administering Computers

Covers remote hardware and software administrative activities for client computers.

Deploying Software

Details distributing software, configuration files, and scripts to client computers.

Taking Inventory

Explains capturing and reporting client computer attributes and software/hardware details.

Housekeeping

Describes remote control tasks for maintaining client computers.

Supporting Users

Outlines methods for interacting with users for help and instruction.

Finding More Information

Provides references to other sections for further details on tasks.

Getting to Know Remote Desktop

Remote Desktop Human Interface Guide

Provides an overview of the administrator application's interface elements and layout.

Remote Desktop Main Window

Describes the primary window components and their functions.

Task Dialogs

Explains the dialogs used for configuring and confirming tasks.

Control and Observe Window

Details the window for controlling and observing remote client screens.

Multiple-Client Observe Window

Covers observing multiple client screens simultaneously in one window.

Report Window

Describes the window for viewing and managing generated reports.

Changing Report Layout

Explains how to customize the display and sorting of report columns.

Configuring Remote Desktop

Covers customizing the application's toolbar and list columns for efficiency.

Setting Preferences for the Remote Desktop Administrator Application

Details the various application preferences that affect client interaction.

Interface Tips and Shortcuts

Offers productivity tips and shortcuts for using the interface.

Installing Apple Remote Desktop

Installing Apple Remote Desktop

Guides through the installation of administrator and client software for Remote Desktop.

System Requirements for Apple Remote Desktop

Lists the necessary hardware and software configurations for installation.

Network Requirements

Outlines the network prerequisites for Remote Desktop functionality.

Installing the Remote Desktop Administrator Software

Step-by-step instructions for installing the main administrator application.

Setting Up an Apple Remote Desktop Client Computer for the First Time

Instructions for initial setup of client software on new computers.

Upgrading the Remote Desktop Administrator Software

Details the process of upgrading the administrator application.

Upgrading the Client Software

Covers methods for updating the client software on managed computers.

Remote Upgrade Installation

Explains how to upgrade client software remotely using the application.

Manual Installation

Describes manual methods for installing or upgrading client software.

Upgrading Apple Remote Desktop Clients Using SSH

Provides instructions for upgrading clients via SSH.

Creating a Custom Client Installer

Guides on creating custom installer packages for client deployment.

Enabling Remote Management

Details how to enable remote management on client computers.

Uninstalling the Administrator Software

Step-by-step guide to completely remove the administrator application.

Disabling the Client Software

Explains how to temporarily disable client software without removal.

Uninstalling the Client Software from Client Computers

Instructions for removing client software components from systems.

Organizing Client Computers into Computer Lists

Finding and Adding Clients to Apple Remote Desktop Computer Lists

Explains how to discover and add client computers to lists for management.

Finding Clients by Using Bonjour

Details using Bonjour for discovering clients on local networks.

Finding Clients by Searching the Local Network

Describes searching the local network for available client computers.

Finding Clients by Searching a Network Range

Instructions for scanning IP address ranges to locate clients.

Finding Clients by Network Address

How to add clients using their specific IP address or domain name.

Finding Clients by File Import

Importing lists of IP addresses from files to add clients.

Finding Clients by Using a Task Server

Locating clients known by a Task Server for administration.

Finding Clients by Using a Directory Server

Using directory servers to find and organize client computers.

Making a New Scanner

Creating custom scanners for specific search criteria to find clients.

Editing Client Attributes

Modifying attributes such as login, ports, and labels for single or multiple clients.

Making and Managing Lists

Covers creating, organizing, and managing lists of client computers.

About Apple Remote Desktop Computer Lists

Explains the capabilities and default list structure of Remote Desktop.

Creating an Apple Remote Desktop Computer List

Steps to create new, targeted lists of computers from existing ones.

Deleting Apple Remote Desktop Lists

Procedures for removing computer and scanner lists.

Creating a Smart Computer List

Building dynamic lists based on custom criteria that update automatically.

Editing a Smart Computer List

Modifying existing smart lists to adjust their criteria or contents.

Creating a List of Computers from Existing Computer Lists

Combining multiple lists into a single aggregate list.

Importing and Exporting Computer Lists

Transferring lists between different administrator computers or versions.

Understanding and Controlling Access Privileges

Apple Remote Desktop Administrator Access

Explains access privileges for administrators to add and interact with computers.

Apple Remote Desktop Administrator Access Using Directory Services

Grants administrator access via group authorization with directory services.

Creating Administrator Access Groups

Guides on creating groups and assigning privileges through MCXSettings or predefined groups.

Enabling Directory Services Group Authorization

Enables group-based authorization using Directory Services master domain.

Apple Remote Desktop Guest Access

Configures temporary, one-time access for administrators without user credentials.

Apple Remote Desktop Nonadministrator Access

Explains operating in "user mode" for nonadministrator users.

Limiting Features in the Administrator Application

Restricts features available to nonadministrator users in user mode.

Virtual Network Computing Access

Accessing VNC servers and interacting with their screens.

Command-Line SSH Access

Managing SSH access which is separate from Remote Desktop's management.

Managing Client Administration Settings and Privileges

Auditing and changing administrator privilege settings on client computers.

Getting an Administration Settings Report

Querying clients for a report on accepted commands and access types.

Changing Client Administrator Privileges

Modifying administrator access privileges for multiple computers via client settings.

Setting Up the Network and Maintaining Security

Setting Up the Network

Guidelines for configuring networks to optimize Remote Desktop performance and reliability.

Using Apple Remote Desktop with Computers in an AirPort Wireless Network

Tips for achieving best performance with AirPort wireless connections.

Getting the Best Performance

Strategies to maximize performance when using Share Screen, Observe, and Control.

Maintaining Security

Discusses security features and best practices for Remote Desktop.

Administrator Application Security

Securing the administrator application using user mode and keychain.

User Privileges and Permissions Security

Disabling or limiting administrator access and managing permissions.

Password Access Security

Guidelines for creating and managing strong, secure passwords.

Physical Access Security

Recommendations for securing the computer when the application is open.

Remote Desktop Authentication and Data Transport Encryption

Explains authentication methods and data encryption for secure communication.

Encrypting Observe and Control Network Data

Options for encrypting all network traffic for enhanced security.

Interacting with Users

Controlling

Describes how to control remote computers as if present in front of them.

Controlling Apple Remote Desktop Clients

Step-by-step guide to controlling clients with Remote Desktop permissions.

Control Window Options

Details the toggle and action buttons available in the control window.

Switching the Control Window Between Full Size And Fit-To-Window

Explains how to switch between full-size and fit-to-window display modes.

Switching Between Control and Observe Modes

How to switch between control and observe sessions for user interaction.

Sharing Control with a User

Options for taking full control or sharing mouse/keyboard control with a user.

Hiding a User’s Screen While Controlling

Using "curtain mode" to disable the client screen while preserving administrator view.

Capturing the Control Window to a File

Saving a picture of the remote screen to a file on the administrator computer.

Switching Control Session Between Full Screen and In a Window

Switching between full-screen and in-a-window control modes.

Sharing Clipboards for Copy and Paste

Transferring data between administrator and client computer clipboards.

Controlling VNC Servers

Controlling computers running VNC server software using Remote Desktop.

Setting up a Non–Mac OS X VNC Server

Basic steps for setting up non-Mac OS X clients to be viewed with Remote Desktop.

VNC Control Options

Setting custom ports and designating displays for VNC communication.

Using Custom VNC Port When Adding a Computer

Setting a custom VNC port when adding a computer by address.

Designate a Custom VNC Display Number

Specifying which display to control on a VNC server.

Configuring an Apple Remote Desktop Client to be Controlled by a VNC Viewer

Setting up a client to accept control from non-Apple VNC viewers.

Observing

Monitoring remote computer screens without direct control.

Dealing With Many Client Screens

Managing and viewing multiple observed client screens efficiently.

Changing Observe Settings While Observing

Adjusting observe settings like page delay and image quality.

Changing Screen Titles While Observing

Customizing the titles displayed underneath observed desktops.

Viewing a User’s Account Picture While Observing

Displaying user account pictures beneath observed desktops.

Viewing a Computer’s System Status While at the Observe Window

Displaying system status information like CPU usage and disk usage.

Shortcuts in the Multiple Screen Observe Window

Accessing commands via icons and customizing the observe window.

Observing a Single Computer

Viewing the screen of a single remote computer in a dedicated window.

Observing Multiple Computers

Viewing scaled client screens simultaneously, cycling through pages.

Observing a Computer in Dashboard

Using the Dashboard widget to observe a single client computer.

Sending Messages

Communicating with users via text messaging and interactive chat.

Sending One-Way Messages

Sending announcements or information to client computers.

Interactive Chat

Starting a two-way text chat for instant feedback and collaboration.

Viewing Attention Requests

Reading attention requests sent by client users.

Sharing Screens

Showing your screen or a client's screen to other computers for demonstration.

Sharing a Screen with Client Computers

Sharing administrator or client screens with multiple clients.

Monitoring a Share Screen Session

Tracking active share screen tasks and their status.

Interacting with Your Apple Remote Desktop Administrator

How client users can contact or request attention from an administrator.

Requesting Administrator Attention

Client users requesting attention from the administrator via a message.

Canceling an Attention Request

Client users canceling a previously sent attention request.

Administering Client Computers

Keeping Track of Task Progress and History

Monitoring the progress, results, and history of executed tasks.

Enabling a Task Notification Script

Setting up a script to run automatically when a task completes.

Getting Active Task Status

Viewing the current status and progress of running tasks.

Using the Task Feedback Display

Utilizing task feedback to retry or cancel tasks in progress.

Stopping a Currently Running Task

Procedure for halting tasks that are currently in progress.

Getting Completed Task History

Accessing the history list of completed tasks and their results.

Saving a Task for Later Use

Saving configured tasks for repeated execution.

Creating and Using Task Templates

Saving task settings as templates for reuse in future tasks.

Editing a Saved Task

Modifying previously saved tasks, including parameters and target computers.

Installing Software Using Apple Remote Desktop

Methods for installing software using packages, copy commands, and other sources.

Installing Using the Install Packages Command

Automating installation of .pkg or .mpkg files on remote clients.

Installing Software on Offline Computers

Using a Task Server to install software on computers not currently online.

Installing by Using the Copy Items Command

Installing applications by simply copying them to the client computer.

Using Installers from Other Companies

Installing software using third-party installers with different file formats.

Upgrading Software

Methods for upgrading software, depending on the original installation.

Copying Files

Easy copying of items like applications or folders to client computers.

Copy Options

Customizing copy operations for location, ownership, and error handling.

Copying from Administrator to Clients

Copying items to multiple client computers simultaneously.

Copying Using Drag and Drop

Copying items by dragging between Finder, Remote Desktop, and control windows.

Copying from the Finder to a Client

Copying files and applications from administrator Finder windows to remote computers.

Copying from a Client to the Finder

Copying files and applications from remote computers to the administrator's Finder.

Restoring Items from a Master Copy

Restoring non-system software on client computers from a master copy.

Creating Reports

Querying client computers for information and generating valuable reports.

Collecting Report Data

Collecting new or cached information for reports, using Spotlight database.

Using a Task Server for Report Data Collection

Using a dedicated server to collect report data efficiently.

Report Database Recommendations and Bandwidth Usage

Optimizing database usage and managing network bandwidth for reports.

Auditing Client Usage Information

Gathering detailed information about client computer usage and user activity.

Generating a User History Report

Tracking who logged into a computer, login times, and access methods.

Generating an Application Usage Report

Reporting on applications run, launch/quit times, and user activity.

Finding Files, Folders, and Applications

Searching client computer hard disks for specific files, folders, or applications.

Using Spotlight to Find Items

Utilizing Spotlight search for live, interactive item finding on clients.

Generating a File Search Report

Finding up to 32,000 items on selected computers with various search parameters.

Comparing Software

Comparing software versions and installed packages between clients and the administrator.

Generating a Software Version Report

Comparing application versions on clients against the administrator computer.

Generating a Software Difference Report

Comparing applications, fonts, and packages between clients and the administrator.

Auditing Hardware

Generating reports on client computer hardware using various report types.

Getting Computer Information

Adding comments or notes to supplement System Overview reports.

Getting Serial Numbers

Retrieving computer serial numbers via System Overview Report or command-line.

Getting Storage Information

Collecting information about client computer's internal hard disks and volumes.

Getting FireWire Device Information

Reporting on FireWire devices connected to client computers.

Getting USB Device Information

Gathering information about Universal Serial Bus devices connected to clients.

Getting Network Interface Information

Reporting on all network interfaces, including status and statistics.

Getting Memory Information

Collecting specific information about installed memory modules in client computers.

Getting Expansion Card Information

Reporting on installed expansion cards like PCI and ExpressCards.

Testing Network Responsiveness

Testing network responsiveness between administrator and client computers.

Evaluating the Network Test Report

Diagnosing task failures potentially caused by network congestion.

Exporting Report Information

Exporting reports into text files for analysis or use in other applications.

Using Report Windows to Work with Computers

Using report windows to select computers for further actions like creating lists or initiating tasks.

Maintaining Systems

Tools for maintaining client computers, including deleting files and emptying Trash.

Deleting Items

Deleting files from client computers, which are then moved to the client's Trash.

Emptying the Trash

Freeing up disk space by emptying the Trash on client computers.

Setting the Startup Disk

Changing the startup disk on client computers to a local disk or NetBoot volume.

Renaming Computers

Setting the file-sharing name for client computers, useful for differentiation.

Synchronizing Computer Time

Ensuring synchronized clocks across clients for management reliability and audit precision.

Setting Computer Audio Volume

Standardizing or configuring output volume for computers using commands.

Repairing File Permissions

Repairing corrupted or changed system file permissions on client computers.

Adding Items to the Dock

Workaround for adding installed applications or items to the user's Dock.

Changing Energy Saver Preferences

Adjusting computer sleep times and other Energy Saver options remotely.

Changing Sharing Preferences for Remote Login

Enabling or disabling SSH login access to computers via Remote Desktop.

Setting Printer Preferences

Setting the default printer for client computers using Copy Items or Send UNIX Command.

Managing Computers

Controlling multiple client computers simultaneously using various commands.

Opening Files and Folders

Opening specific items like files, folders, and applications on client computers.

Opening Applications

Launching applications on client computers remotely.

Quitting Applications Without Logging Out the User

Closing running applications on client computers without logging out the user.

Putting a Computer to Sleep

Putting client computers into sleep mode remotely.

Waking Up a Computer

Waking computers from sleep mode using network packets.

Locking a Computer Screen

Locking client computer screens to prevent unauthorized use.

Displaying a Custom Picture on a Locked Screen

Displaying a custom picture on client screens when they are locked.

Unlocking a Computer Screen

Restoring desktop access by unlocking computer screens locked by Remote Desktop.

Disabling a Computer Screen

Disabling client computer screens while preserving administrator view ('curtain mode').

Logging In a User at the Login Window

Logging in users on client computers simultaneously from the login window.

Logging Out the Current User

Logging out the current user on a client computer, returning it to the login window.

Restarting a Computer

Restarting client computers remotely, with options for saving changes or forcing restart.

Shutting Down a Computer

Shutting down client computers remotely, useful with Energy Saver preferences.

Starting Up a Computer

Starting up clients that support lights-out management (LOM) on different subnets.

UNIX Shell Commands

Executing UNIX commands and scripts on client computers.

Send UNIX Command Templates

Using built-in templates for common UNIX commands to simplify scripting.

Executing a Single UNIX Command

Sending a single UNIX command to selected client computers.

Executing Scripts Using Send UNIX Command

Executing shell scripts and AppleScript scripts using the command line.

Executing Shell Scripts with Remote Desktop

Copying and executing complex shell scripts on client computers.

Executing AppleScript Scripts with Remote Desktop

Saving and executing AppleScript scripts as applications or via command line.

Built-in Command-Line Tools

Utilizing tools like networksetup and systemsetup for system configuration.

Using networksetup

Configuring client network settings, IP addresses, and proxies.

Using systemsetup

Configuring non-network system settings like time zones and sleep preferences.

Using kickstart

Installing, uninstalling, activating, and restarting Remote Desktop components.

Automating Tasks

Working with the Task Server

Utilizing a dedicated Task Server for automated administration and report collection.

Preliminary Planning for Using the Task Server

Ensuring proper network settings and infrastructure for Task Server operation.

Setting Up the Task Server

Installing and configuring Remote Desktop on a computer to act as a Task Server.

Setting Up an Admin Console to Query the Task Server

Configuring an administrator computer to query the Task Server for data.

Setting Up Clients to Interface with the Task Server

Configuring clients to connect to the Task Server for reporting and management.

Using Automatic Data Reporting

Automating client data collection and upload based on a set schedule.

Setting the Client’s Data Reporting Policy

Automating client system and file information updates for reports.

Creating a Template Data Reporting Policy

Setting a default time and frequency for report data collection.

Stopping Clients from Uploading Reports to Specific Administrator Computers

Preventing clients from uploading reports to non-existent administrator computers.

Working with Scheduled Tasks

Automating and scheduling tasks for regular execution on client computers.

Setting Scheduled Tasks

Scheduling tasks for execution at specific times or intervals.

Editing Scheduled Tasks

Modifying existing scheduled tasks, including parameters and target computers.

Deleting Scheduled Tasks

Removing unneeded scheduled tasks.

Using Scripting and Automation Tools with Remote Desktop

Leveraging AppleScript and Automator for automating tasks and creating custom workflows.

Using AppleScript with Remote Desktop

Using AppleScript to create shortcuts and automate repetitive tasks.

Using the Remote Desktop AppleScript Dictionary

Understanding objects and messages that Remote Desktop's AppleScript dictionary supports.

Sample AppleScript Script

Example script for cleaning up client computers, locking screens, and emptying trash.

Using Automator with Remote Desktop

Creating custom workflows in Automator to automate Remote Desktop tasks without coding.

Creating and Running an Automator Service

Creating Automator services to perform Remote Desktop tasks on selected computers.

Appendix A Icon and Port Reference

Client Status Icons

Icons indicating the status of computers in a scanner search results list.

Apple Remote Desktop Status Icons

Icons in the menu bar indicating the status of the client computer.

List Menu Icons

Icons used in the Apple Remote Desktop list area of the main window.

Task Status Icons

Icons used in task list areas of the Remote Desktop main window.

System Status Icons (Basic)

High-level status indicators for observed client computers (red, yellow, green icons).

System Status Icons (Detailed)

Detailed icons showing CPU usage, disk usage, and free memory status.

TCP and UDP Port Reference

Lists the TCP and UDP ports used by Apple Remote Desktop functions.

Appendix B Report Field Definitions Reference

System Overview Report

Describes available fields related to AirPort, AppleTalk, Computer, and Network settings.

Storage Report

Details fields related to drive manufacturer, model, protocol, and volume options.

USB Devices Report

Defines fields for USB devices, including product name, vendor ID, and device speed.

FireWire Devices Report

Details fields for FireWire devices, including speed, version, and manufacturer.

Memory Report

Defines fields for memory information, such as slot identifier, size, speed, and type.

Expansion Cards Report

Details fields for expansion cards, including card name, speed, and vendor ID.

Network Interfaces Report

Describes fields for network interfaces, including active status, IP address, and domain.

Network Test Report

Defines fields for network responsiveness tests: min/max/avg time, lost/total packets.

Administration Settings Report

Details fields for privileges, data settings, and general version information.

Application Usage Report

Defines fields for application usage: computer name, app name, launch date, and run time.

User History Report

Details fields for user history: computer, user name, login type, and session length.

Appendix C AppleScript Remote Desktop Suite

Classes and Commands for the Remote Desktop Application

Lists scriptable objects and commands for Remote Desktop application automation.

Appendix D SQLite Schema Sample

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