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More About Files
and
Directories
11
I
Shortcut You
can
also type
the
letters
cd
for
the
chdir com-
mand
to
save time. For example, the following
commands
are
the
same:
cd
\user\pete
chdir
\user\pete
If
you
want
to
see
the
contents
of
the
\ user
\pete
directory, you
can
use
the
MS·DOS
dir
command. The
subdirectory
might look
like this:
Volume
in
drive
A
has
no
1D
Directory
of
A:\USER\PETE
TEXT
F I
LE1
4
<Dir>
<Dir>
<Dir>
TXT
5243
File(s)
836320
08-09-86
08-09-86
08-09-86
08-04-86
bytes
free
10:09a
10:09a
10:09a
9:30a
Note
that MS-DOS lists
both
files and directories in this output.
As
you
can
see
from
the
display,
Pete
has a
subdirectory
named
text;
the
u."
refers
to
the working directory
\user\pete;
the
u
••
" is
short
for
the
parent
directory \ user, and filel.
txt
is a file in
the
\user\pete
directory.
All
these directories and files are
on
the
disk in drive
A.
Note Because files
and
directories are listed together,
you
can-
not
give a subdirectory
the
same name as a file in that directory.
For instance, if you already have a path \
user
\pete,
where
pete
is
a subdirectory, you
cannot
create
a file named pete in
the
\ user
directory.
How to Delete a Directory
If
you
create
a directory and decide later that
you
don't
want
it
Removing a directory
any more, you can delete it
with
the MS-DOS
nndir
(remove
direc-
tory)
command.
The
nndir
command
lets you
delete
any
directory
by specifying
its path,
but
the
directory must
be
empty
except
for
the
U."
and
u
••
" entries. This prevents you from accidentally deleting files and
directories.