IPCP Pro Series • Glossary 40
Subnet mask A 32-bit binary number (12 digit decimal number, xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx) used on subnets (smaller,
local networks) to help routers determine which network traffic gets routed internally (within
the subnetwork) to local computers and which network traffic goes out to the rest of the
network or the Internet. It is an address mask used to identify the bits of an IP address that
are used for the subnet address. Using a mask, the router does not need to examine all
32bits, only those selected by the mask.
Subnetwork A network that is part of a larger IP network and is identified by a subnet address. Networks
can be segmented into subnetworks to provide a hierarchical, multilevel routing structure.
TCP (Transmission Control Protocol)
A connection-oriented protocol at the Transport layer of the Open Systems Interconnection
(OSI, ISO/IEC 7498-1) reference model. It provides reliable end-to-end data delivery from
one network device to another.
TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol)
The communication protocol of the Internet. Computers and devices with direct access
to the Internet are provided with a copy of the TCP/IP program to allow them to send and
receive information in an understandable form.
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UDP (User Datagram Protocol)
A connectionless, Internet transport layer protocol that sends packets (datagrams) of
information across networks using “best-effort” delivery. It is a relatively simple protocol that
does not include handshaking. It is faster than TCP and is often used for broadcast and
multicast communication, but it does not include data verification to ensure that all packets
arrived at their destination.
URL (Uniform Resource Locator)
The address (such as www.extron.com) that lets a resource on the internet be identified,
located, and accessed.
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