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HYDRAULIC SAFETY
Be careful of:
1. Leaks
a. Puddles of fluid are slippery and hazard-
ous.
b. Most hydraulic oils will vaporize and ignite;
disastrous fires are possible.
c. Leaking fluid may be hot and can produce
severe burns.
d. Fluid can squirt out under high pressure
with dangerous force. Pin hole jets can
pierce skin and damage eyes.
CAUTION: Escaping fluid under pres-
sure can penetrate the skin, causing
serious personal injury. Relieve pres-
sure before disconnecting hydraulic or
other lines. Tighten all connections
before applying pressure. Use a piece
of cardboard or paper to search for
leaks. Never use your hand!
If any fluid is injected into the skin, it
must be surgically removed within a
few hours by a doctor familiar with this
type of injury or gangrene may result.
2. Hot Components
a. Pumps and motors.
b. Relief valves.
c. Anyplace fluid has been flowing.
CAUTION: Always wear safety
goggles or safety glasses during
maintenance.
3. Stored energy - Even with the power unit off,
there may be energy stored in the system due
to:
a. Stalled feedwheels.
b. Suspended loads, booms and stabilizers.
c. Charged accumulators.
d. Electrical voltage.
IMPORTANT: Never boost pressure
settings on hydraulics. This will void the
manufacturer's warranty.
A hydraulic pump makes oil flow but there
must be resistance for the flow to generate
pressure.
UNDERSTANDING HYDRAULICS
If a motor or a cylinder does not work or
works slowly, the fluid must be slipping through
it or bypassing the work completely. Trace the
lines to the motor or the cylinder, then place a
pressure check on the working line.
When the pump is working at the proper
Gallons Per Minute (GPM) and the pressure
checks out OK, you will find that in most cases
your motor or your cylinder is defective.
If the pressure is too low, the pump or the
relief valve is causing the difficulties. Clean relief
valve thoroughly. Reassemble relief valve and
check the pressure again.
Example:
If the pump is pumping six gallons in 30 sec-
onds and the pump is a 12 GPM, then you
know that it is performing at capacity. If it will
only pump two or three GPM in 30 seconds,
you know that the pump is only performing at
50% of its capacity.
If the pump is performing properly, the relief
valve is defective.
If the pump isn't performing right, it will need
repairing or replacement.
When the pump is pumping at the proper GPM
and the pressure is correct, you will find that in
most cases, your hydraulic motor or cylinder is
defective.
FILTERS
The filters mounted on the hydraulic tank are
10 micron absolute and should not be replaced
with any filter not meeting or exceeding this
rating.
HYDRAULIC OIL
Change hydraulic oil every 2000 operating
hours or one year under normal conditions and
every 1000 hours or 6 months, whichever
comes first, when under extremely dirty condi-
tions. If hydraulic component failure is a regular
maintenance problem, monthly testing of the
system will help determine your change periods.
IMPORTANT: Do not use any hydraulic
oil that does not contain anti-wear addi-
tives.
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