Sulfur
The level of sulfur is governed by emissions
legislations. Regional regulation, national regulations,
or international regulations can require a fuel with a
specific sulfur limit. The sulfur content of the fuel and
the fuel quality must comply with all existing local
regulations for emissions.
LSD fuel 0.05 percent (≤ 15 ppm (mg/kg)) sulfur is
strongly recommended for use in these engine
models.
ULSD and sulphur fuel diesel fuels are acceptable to
use in all engine models. The lubricity of these fuels
must not exceed wear scar diameter of 0.46 mm
(0.01811 inch) as per “ISO 12156-1”. Refer to
“Lubricity” for more information. Fuels with sulphur
content higher than 0.05 percent (500 PPM) can be
used where allowed by legislation.
In some parts of the world and for some applications,
high sulfur fuels above 0.5% by mass might only be
available. Fuel with a high sulfur content can cause
engine wear. High sulfur fuel will have a negative
impact on emissions of particulates. High sulfur fuel
can be used if the local emissions legislation will
allow the use. High sulfur fuel can be used in
countries that do not regulate emissions.
When only high sulfur fuels are available, the use of
high alkaline lubricating oil may be required. Or that
the lubricating oil change interval is reduced. Refer to
Operation and Maintenance Manual, “Fluid
Recommendations (Lubricant Information)” for
information on sulfur in fuel.
Lubricity
Lubricity is the capability of the fuel to prevent pump
wear. The lubricity of the fluid describes the ability of
the fluid to reduce the friction between surfaces that
are under load. This ability reduces the damage that
is caused by friction. Fuel injection systems rely on
the lubricating properties of the fuel. Until fuel sulfur
limits were mandated, the lubricity of the fuel was
believed to be a function of fuel viscosity.
The lubricity has particular significance to the current
low viscosity fuel, low sulfur fuel, and low aromatic
fossil fuel. These fuels are made in order to meet
stringent exhaust emissions.
The lubricity of these fuels must not exceed wear scar
diameter of 0.46 mm (0.01811 inch). The fuel lubricity
test must be performed on an HFRR, operated at
60 °C (140 °F). Refer to “ISO 12156-1”.
NOTICE
The fuels system has been qualified with fuel having
lubricity up to 0.46 mm (0.01811 inch) wear scar di-
ameter as tested by “ISO 12156-1”. Fuel with higher
wear scar diameter than 0.46 mm (0.01811 inch) will
lead to reduced service life and premature failure of
the fuel system.
In case of the fuels which do not meet specified
lubricity requirement appropriate lubricity additive can
be used to enhance the lubricity of the fuel. UMK8276
Perkins Diesel Fuel Conditioner is the approved
additive refer to “Perkins Diesel Fuel Conditioner”.
Contact your fuel supplier for those circumstances
when fuel additives are required. Your fuel supplier
can make recommendations for additives to use and
for the proper level of treatment.
Distillation
Distillation will give an indication of the mixture of
different hydrocarbons in the fuel. A high ratio of light
weight hydrocarbons can affect the characteristics of
combustion.
Classification of the Fuels
Diesel engines have an ability to burn wide variety of
fuels. Below is a list of typically encountered fuel
specifications that have been assessed as to their
acceptability and are divided into following
categories:
Group 1: Preferred Fuels
The following fuel specifications are considered
acceptable.
• Fuels that meet the requirements that are listed in
the table 21 .
• “EN590 - Grades A to F and class 0 to 4”
• “ASTM D975 Grade No. 1-D and 2-D”
• “JIS K2204 Grades 1, 2 & 3 & Special Grade 3”
acceptable provided lubricity ware scar diameter
does not exceed of 0.46 mm (0.01811 inch) as per
“ISO 12156-1” .
• “BS2869 - Class A2 Off Highway Gas Oil, Red
Diesel”
Note: The lubricity of these fuels must not exceed
wear scar diameter of 0.46 mm (0.01811 inch) as per
“ISO 12156-1” . Refer to “Lubricity”.
SEBU7833
47
Refill Capacities
Fluid Recommendations
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