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23. If spotting is detected on the instruments the first step would be to use an
ordinary eraser to remove the spot. If there is no pitting under the spot then
the spot was only dirt. Dirt spots on an instrument may be an indication that
the autoclave needs to be cleaned or that the instruments were not
adequately cleaned or dried. If removal of the spot reveals pitting then the
spot was most likely rust. Rust spots on an instrument are not uncommon
on inexpensive instruments. It may also be an indication that the
instruments were rinsed in tap water with a high content of minerals. These
minerals when exposed to high temperature and steam will accelerate the
oxidation of the metal. One suggestion would be to final rinse the
instruments in distilled water.
24. If the instruments exhibit a discoloration this can be due to the mixing of
carbon steel and stainless steel. When these two metals come into contact
with each other electrolysis occurs that breaks down the metal. The best
solution is to separately wrap the carbon steel to insulate it from other
instruments or the trays.
25. Packs
VERY IMPORTANT!
When sterilizing cotton wool or pads, it is essential to wrap them in paper
or cotton bags in order to prevent the multi-purpose valve and the
autoclave openings from becoming clogged with remnants of the material.
1. Place packs upright on trays, side by side.
2. Packs should not touch the chamber walls.
3. Pack instrument sets in a manner that prevents damage to delicate items.
4. Pack hollowware sets so that all openings face the same direction and
so that the contents cannot move inside the pack.
5. Load packs of folded operating room drapes with layers vertical,
allowing air to be removed from the packs rapidly.
6. Do not place packs of hollowware and trays of instruments above
textile packs or soft goods in order to avoid wetting caused by
condensation from items above.
7. Load items packed in flexible packaging materials on edge with paper
to laminate, or flat with the plastic surface downwards.
Note: The manufacturer’s recommendations shall be observed, concerning
the sterilization data for each type of material.
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