32 SEBU8191-01
Maintenance Section
Refill Capacities
This is the capa
bility of the fuel to prevent pump wear.
Diesel engines have the ability to burn various fuels.
These fuels ar
e divided into two general groups:
•
Group 1 (preferred fuels)
•
Group 2 (permissible fuels)
Group 1 (pre
ferred fuels): Specification
“DERV to EN590”
Note: Only use Arctic fuels when the temperature is
below 0 °C (32 °F). Do not use Arctic fuels when the
ambient te
mperature is above 0 °C (32 °F). To ensure
that the time period between cranking the engine and
first fire is kept to a minimum, only use fuel of the
correct vi
scosity and at the correct temperature.
Gas oil to “BS29 Class A2”
Note: If low sulfur or low sulfur aromatic fuels are
used, then fuel additives can be used to increase
lubricit
y.
Group 2 (permissible fuels): Specification
These fuel specifications are considered acceptable
for issues of warranty. However, these fuels may
reduce t
he life of the engine, the maximum power of
theengineandthefuelefficiency of the engine.
“ASTM D
975 - 91 Class 1D”
“JP7, Mil T38219”
“NATO F63”
NOTICE
These fuels should have a wear scar value of 650
micr
ometers maximum *HFRR to ISO 12156 - 1.*
Low temperature fuels
Spe
cial fuels for use in cold weather may be available
for engine operation at temperatures below 0 °C
(32 °F). These fuels limit the formation of wax in the
fue
l oil at low temperatures. If wax forms in the fuel
oil, this could stop the flow of fuel oil through the filter.
No
te: These fuels that lack lubricity may cause the
following problems:
•
Lo
w engine power
•
Difficult starting in hot conditions or in cold
c
onditions
•
White smoke
•
Deterioration
of emissions and misfire at certain
operating conditions
NOTICE
Water emulsio
n fuels: These fuels are not permitted
Refer to the following fuel specifications for
North America.
The preferred fuels provide maximum engine service
life and performance. The preferred fuels are distillate
fuels. These fuels are commonly called diesel fuel
or gas oil.
The permissible fuels are crude oils or blended fuels.
Use of these fuels can result in higher maintenance
costs and in reduced engine service life.
Diesel fuels that meet the specifications in Table
11 will help to provide maximum engine service life
and performance. In North America, diesel fuel that
is identified as No. 2-D in “ASTM D975” generally
meets the specifications. Table 11 is for diesel fuels
that are distilled from crude oil. Diesel fuels from
other sources could exhibit detrimental properties
that are not defined or controlled by this specification.
Table 11
Perkins Specifications for Distillate Diesel Fuel
Specifications
Requirements
ASTM Test
Aroma
tics
35% maximum “D1319”
Ash
0.02% maximum
(weight)
“D482”
Carbon Residue
on 10% Bottoms
0.35% maximum
(weight)
“D524”
Cetane Number
40 minimum (DI
eng
ines)
“D613”
Cloud Point
The cloud
point must not
exceed the
lowest expected
ambient
temperature.
-
(continued)
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