ZED-F9R-Integration manual
important exercise to meet the required bandwidths and group delay specifications compared to
previous L1-only designs.
A typical dual band antenna design block diagram is shown below taken from the u-blox ANN-MB
active antenna product.
Figure 38: u-blox low cost dual-band antenna internal structure
A suitable ground plane is required for the antenna to achieve good performance.
Location of the antenna is critical to reach the stated performance. Unsuitable locations
within a vehicle could include, under vehicle dash, rear-view mirror location, etc.
It is recommended to mount the antenna on the roof top of the car or a location
unobstructed by the user.
A set of recommended specifications for a dual band active antenna is given below.
Parameter Specification
Minimum gain
5
17 dB
Maximum gain
5
50 dBActive antenna recommendations
Noise figure <4 dB
Group delay variation in-band
6
10 ns max at each GNSS system bandwidth. Note:
Inter-signal requirement 50 ns max.
Out-of-band rejection 40 dB typ
L1 band antenna gain
7
1559 - 1606 MHz:
3 dBic typ.
L2/E5b band antenna gain
7
1197 - 1249 MHz:
2 dBic typ.
Polarization RHCP
Axial ratio 2 dB max, at
Zenith
Phase center variation <10 mm over
elevation/azimuth
Antenna element specification
EMI immunity out-of-band
8
30 V/m
ESD circuit protection 15 kV human body model air discharge
Table 32: Antenna specifications for ZED-F9R modules
5
Including passive losses (filters, cables, connectors etc.)
6
GNSS system bandwidths: B1I 1559… 1563 MHz; L1,E1,B1C 1573… 1578 MHz; L1OF 1598… 1606 MHz; E5b,B2I
1192… 1212 MHz; L2C 1223… 1231 MHz; L2OF 1242… 1249 MHz
7
Measured with a ground plane d=150 mm
8
Exception L1,L2 bands +/- 200 MHz, emphasis on cellular bands
UBX-20039643 - R06
4 Design Page 92 of 119
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