Vatech GREEN SMART - Page 194

15. Appendices
186 Green Smart User Manual
Elsevier Mosby; 2000:71-72.
10. Johnson ON, Thomson EM. Essentials of Dental Radiography for Dental Assistants and
Hygienists. 8th ed. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice-Hall 2007:388-397.
11. Sherman N, Horrell BM, Singer, S. High-quality panoramic radiographs. Tips and tricks. Dentistry
Today. 2003;22(1):70-73.
15.5.3 Setting Exposure Values to the Age Group
For more information about this topic, refer to the Appendices 15.1 Recommended X-Ray
Exposure Table.
15.5.4 The References Pertinent to the Potential Risks for the Pediatric
Patients
1) Literature
 ESPELID, I. MEJÀRE, K. WEERHEIJM:
EAPD guidelines for the use of radiographs in children, P40-48. European Journal of
Pediatric Dentistry 1/2003 Guidelines in dental radiology is designed to avoid
unnecessary exposure to X-radiation and to identify individuals who may benefit from
a radiographic examination. Every prescription of radiographs should be based on an
evaluation of the individual patient benefit. Due to the relatively high frequency of
caries among 5-year-old children, it is recommended to consider dental radiography
for each child even without any visible caries or restorations.
Furthermore, radiography should be considered at 8-9 years of age and then at 12-
14, that is 1-2 years after the eruption of premolars and second molars. Additional
bitewing controls should be based on an overall assessment of the caries activity/risk.
The high-risk patient should be examined radiographically annually, while a 2-3 years
interval should be considered when caries activity/risk is low. A routine survey by
radiographs, except for caries, has not been shown to provide sufficient information
to be justified considering the balance between cost (radiation and resources) and
benefit.