Chapter2IPv6BasicConguration
ananycastaddressshallbeexplicitlyconguredtoidentifyan
anycastaddress.
AddressExpressionWay
AnIPv4addressisexpressedinfourpartsseparatedbydots,that
is,fournumbersseparatedbydots.Thefollowingaresomelegal
IPv4addressesexpressedbydecimalinteger:0.5.3.1,127.0.0.1,
201.199.244.101.
AnIPv4addressisexpressedasagroupoffour2-bithexintegers
orfour8-bitbinaryintegers,ofwhichthelatteroneisseldom
used.
ThelengthofanIPv6addressisfourtimesgreaterthananIPv4
address,andthecomplicacyofexpressionforanIPv6addressis
alsofourtimesgreaterthananIPv4address.AnIPv6address
canbebasicallyexpressedasX:X:X:X:X:X:X:X,amongwhichXis
4-bithexintegers(16-bit).Eachnumbercontainsfourbits,each
integercontainsfournumbersandeachaddresscontainseight
integers.Therearetotally128bits(4x4x8=128).Thefollowing
aresomelegalIPv6addresses:
CDCD:910A:2222:5498:8475:1111:3900:2020
1030:0:0:0:C9B4:FF12:48AA:1A2B
2000:0:0:0:0:0:0:1
AlltheseintegersarehexintegersandthosefromAtoFrepresent
10to15.Eachintegerofanaddressmustbeindicatedexceptfor
thestartingzero.Thisisarelativelystandardwaytoexpressan
IPv6address.Apartfromthis,therearetwomorewaysthatare
clearerandeasiertouse.
SomeIPv6addressescontainasuccessionofzeros,similartothe
secondandthethirdexamplesasmentionedabove.Inthiscase,
thesuccessionofzeroscanberepresentedby“spacing”,aspro-
videdintherelevantstandard.
Thatistosay,theaddress2000:0:0:0:0:0:0:1canbeexpressed
as2000::1,ofwhichthetwocolonsmeanthattheaddresscan
beextendedtoacomplete128-bitaddress.Inthismethod,only
whenthe16-bitgroupisall-zero,canitbesubstitutedbytwo
colons,whichcanonlybeusedonceintheaddress.
Table9showsexamplesforcompressedformatsofIPv6ad-
dresses.
TABLE9IPV6ADDRESSCOMPRESSION
AddTypeNormalFormatCompressedFormat
Unicastaddress
1080:0:0:0:8:800:200C:417
A
1080::8:800:200C:417A
Multicastaddress
FF01:0:0:0:0:0:0:101FF01::101
Loopbackaddress
0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1
::1
Unspeciedaddress
0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0
::
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