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Detectors
Recommended Gas Flows
Detector Gas Flows Phosphorous Mode Sulfur Mode
Air 75 mL/min 50 mL/min
Hydrogen 100 mL/min 60 mL/min
Nitrogen makeup 60 mL/min 60 mL/min
In 2005, Agilent released an improved FPD with minimum detectable levels (MDL)
of 3.6 pg/sec for sulfur and 60 fg/sec for phosphorus. This is more than a 5x
improvement for sulfur. The updated design is based on a one-piece, deactivated
transferline jet assembly and improved optics. Upgrade kits are available.
Flame Photometric Detector (FPD)
Operation
The FPD uses three gases: air and hydrogen to support the flame, and nitrogen makeup
for capillary columns. The flow rates are critical for optimizing performance. Using
nitrogen as a makeup gas is essential to obtaining low MDLs. Do not use helium for the
makeup gas.