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Mastersizer X Series
Malvern Mastersizer X Series User Manual
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Getting
Started
Getting
Started
MAN
0101
Issue1.3
August
1997
2
Table of Contents
Default Chapter
3
Table of Contents
3
Chapter 1 - Introduction to this Manual
13
Welcome
13
Systems Covered by this Manual
13
Access to the Instrument
14
Assumed Information
15
Windows Terms
15
Menu Commands
17
Where to Find Information
17
Other Reading
19
Chapter 2 - Getting to Know Your System
21
Introduction
23
A Typical System
23
The Optical Unit
24
The Transmitter
24
The Sample Area
26
The Receiver
29
Differences between the Long and Standard Bench Mastersizers
31
The Malvern Software
32
The Mastersizer Program Group
32
Finding Your Way Around the Screen
33
Modes of Operation
37
Menu Mode
37
Easy Mode
37
Program Mode
38
Getting Help
38
On-Line Help
38
The F1 Function Key
39
The Help Menu
39
The Help Window
39
Jumps and Popups
40
Status Line
41
Reporting Problems
41
Chapter 3 - How the Mastersizer Works
43
Introduction
45
What Does the Mastersizer Do
45
How Does the Mastersizer Do It
46
How to Make a Measurement
48
How to Analyse the Measurement Data
50
The Analysis Model
50
The Presentation
50
Calculating the Result
51
Viewing the Result
52
Saving the Result
52
Chapter 4 - Making a Measurement
55
Introduction
57
General Measurement Advice
57
Sample Preparation
58
Cleanliness of the Optical System
58
Choosing a Range Lens
59
Size Range of Your Sample
59
Sample Dispersion Method
61
As General Advice
61
Avoiding Lens Cut off (Vignetting)
61
Always Measure a Background
62
Making a Measurement
62
Instrument Preparation
62
Document the Measurement
64
An Introduction to the Measure Windows 4-8
64
Align the System
66
Take a Background Measurement
67
Add the Sample
67
Measure the Sample
69
Chapter 5 - Analysing the Measurement Data
73
Introduction
73
Choosing the Correct Analysis Mode
73
Choosing the Correct Presentation
75
The Malvern Presentation Grid
75
Methods of Selecting a Presentation
77
When Is the Presentation Important
78
Selecting a Presentation
79
Special Presentations
80
Calculating the Result
80
Chapter 6 - Viewing and Printing the Results
85
Introduction
85
Views
85
Reports
87
Overview of the Standard Views and Reports
88
Understanding Printing
90
Selecting Fonts for Graphs and Tables
91
The Graph Fonts
91
The Table Fonts
91
Installing and Selecting a Printer
92
Changing Print Settings
93
Printing from the Mastersizer
93
Chapter 7 - Interpreting the Results
97
Introduction
97
Fundamental Concepts
97
Results Are Volume Based
97
Equivalent Spheres
98
Derived Distribution Parameters
99
Understanding the Tables and Graphs
100
Chapter 8 - Automating the Process
107
Introduction
107
Setting up a Sequence
107
Chapter 9 - Sample Preparation
113
Introduction
113
Representative Sampling
113
Considerations for Dry Samples
114
Considerations for Wet Samples
115
Choice and Preparation of the Dispersant
115
Surfactants and Admixtures
117
Surfactants
117
Admixtures
118
Slurries
118
The Use of Ultrasonics
118
Samples with Unstable Concentrations
119
Bubbles
119
Summary of Sample Preparation
120
Chapter 10 - Advanced Result Processing
123
Modifying Results
123
Killing Channels
123
Killing Data Channels
123
Killing Result Channels
125
Using the Kill Cursors
126
Shape Correction - Changing the Size Calibration
126
Extending the Result
128
Transforming Result Type
129
Blending Results
130
Multiple Modifications
131
Tromp Curve Analysis
131
Chapter 11 - Maintenance
135
Introduction
135
Replacing the Sample Tubing
135
Replacing Fuses
136
Cleaning the Covers
137
Cleaning the Optics
138
Cleaning the Cell Windows
138
Cleaning the Range Lenses
140
Cleaning the Beam Expander
141
Appendix A - Specification
146
Introduction
146
Particle Sizing Specification
146
Optical Unit Specification
147
Computer Requirements (Minimum
149
Mastersizer Programme Specification
150
Software Revision Level
151
Appendix B - Chemical Compatibility
154
Introduction
154
Components in Contact with Sample and Dispersant
154
Wet Sample Measurements
154
Dry Sample Measurements
154
Spray Measurements
155
Appendix C - Remote Interlock Remote Interlock
156
Appendix D - Estimating the Absorption
162
Introduction
162
Estimating the Absorption Using Concentration Measurements
162
Appendix E - Advice for Continuous Sprays
166
Introduction
166
Arrange for the Spray to be Extracted
166
Use the Correct Optical Configuration
166
Positioning the Spray Nozzle
166
Don't Spray the Optical Unit
167
Ensure the Spray Is Stable During Measurement
167
Appendix F - Malvern Addresses
170
Malvern Subsidiaries
170
Appendix G - EMC Performance
174
Statement of EMC Performance for the Mastersizer S
174
Equipment under Test
174
Test Conditions
174
EMC Performance
175
Statement of EMC Performance for the Mastersizer
176
Equipment under Test
176
Test Conditions
176
EMC Performance
176
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Malvern Mastersizer X Series Specifications
General
Brand
Malvern
Model
Mastersizer X Series
Category
Measuring Instruments
Language
English
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