OPERATION
One of the most common types of arc welding is manual metal arc welding (MMA) or stick welding.
An electric current is used to strike an arc between the base material and a consumable electrode rod
or ‘stick’. The electrode rod is made of a material that is compatible with the base material being
welded and is covered with a flux that gives off gaseous vapours that serve as a shielding gas and
providing a layer of slag, both of which protect the weld area from atmospheric contamination. The
electrode core itself acts as filler material the residue from the flux that forms slag covering over the
weld metal must be chipped away after welding.
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