SEBU8605-01 75
Maintenance Section
Refill Capacities
NOTICE
The fuels syst
em has been qualified with fuel hav-
ing lubricity up to 0.52 mm (0.0205 inch) wear scar
diameter as tested by “ISO 12156-1”. Fuel with higher
wear scar diam
eter than 0.52 mm (0.0205 inch) will
lead to reduced service life and premature failure of
the fuel system.
Fuel additives can enhance the lubricity of a fuel.
Contact your fuel supplier for those circumstances
when fuel ad
ditives are required. Your fuel supplier
can make recommendations for additives to use, and
for the proper level of treatment.
Distillation
Distillat
ion is an indication of the mixture of different
hydrocarbons in the fuel. A high ratio of light weight
hydrocarbons can affect the characteristics of
combusti
on.
Recommendation for Biodiesel
Biodiesel is a fuel that can be defined as mono-alkyl
esters of fatty acids. Biodiesel is a fuel that can be
made fro
m various feedstock. The most commonly
available biodiesel in Europe is Rape Methyl Ester
(REM). This biodiesel is derived from rapeseed
oil. So
y Methyl Ester (SME) is the most common
biodiesel in the United States. This biodiesel is
derived from soybean oil. Soybean oil or rapeseed oil
are the
primary feedstocks. These fuels are together
known as Fatty Acid Methyl Esters (FAME).
Raw pr
essed vegetable oils are NOT acceptable for
use as a fuel in any concentration in compression
engines. Without esterification, these oils solidify in
the cr
ankcase and the fuel tank. These fuels may
not be compatible with many of the elastomers that
are used in engines that are manufactured today.
In or
iginal forms, these oils are not suitable for use
as a fuel in compression engines. Alternate base
stocks for biodiesel may include animal tallow, waste
cook
ing oils, or various other feedstocks. In order to
use any of the products that are listed as fuel, the oil
must be esterified.
Fuel made of 100 percent FAME is generally referred
to as B100 biodiesel or neat biodiesel.
Biodiesel can be blended with distillate diesel fuel.
The blends can be used as fuel. The most commonly
av
ailable biodiesel blends are B5, which is 5 percent
biodiesel and 95 percent distillate diesel fuel. B20,
which is 20 percent biodiesel and 80 percent distillate
di
esel fuel.
Note: The percentages given are volume-based.
The U.S. distil
late diesel fuel specification “ASTM
D975-09a” includes up to B5 (5 percent) biodiesel.
European dist
illate diesel fuel specification EN590:
2010 includes up B7 (7 percent) biodiesel.
Note: Engine
s that are manufactured by Perkins
are certified by use of the prescribed Environmental
Protection Agency (EPA) and European Certification
fuels. Perk
ins does not certify engines on any other
fuel. The user of the engine has the responsibility
of using the correct fuel that is recommended by
the manufac
turer and allowed by the EPA and other
appropriate regulatory agencies.
Specificat
ion Requirements
The neat biodiesel must conform to the latest
“EN14214 o
rASTMD6751”(intheUSA).The
biodiesel can only be blended in mixture of up to
20% by volume in acceptable mineral diesel fuel
meeting l
atest edition of “EN590 or ASTM D975 S15”
designation.
In United
States Biodiesel blends of B6 to B20 must
meet the requirements listed in the latest edition of
“ASTM D7467” (B6 to B20) and must be of an API
gravity
of 30-45.
In North America biodiesel and biodiesel blends
must be p
urchased from the BQ-9000 accredited
producers and BQ-9000 certifi ed distributors.
In othe
r areas of the world, the use of biodiesel
that is BQ-9000 accredited and certifi ed, or that is
accredited and certified by a comparable biodiesel
quali
ty body to meet similar biodiesel quality
standards is required.
Engin
e Service Requirements
Aggressive properties of biodiesel fuel may cause
debr
is in the fuel tank and fuel lines. The aggressive
properties of biodiesel will clean the fuel tank
and fuel lines. This cleaning of the fuel system
can p
rematurely block of the fuel filters. Perkins
recommend that after the initial usage of B20
biodiesel blended fuel the fuel filters must be replaced
at 5
0 hours.
G
lycerides present in
biodiesel fuel will also cause
fue
l filters to become blocked more quickly. Therefore
the regular service interval should be reduced to 250
hours.
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