1204F - DEF System Supplement
3.0 SCR System Fundamentals
3.1 Platform technologies
Overview of 1204F technology selection
3.2 Diesel Exhaust Fluid (DEF)
DEF fluid/Urea is made up of approximately 70% water which at temperatures below –11°C will
expand by approximately 10% to 15%.
3.2.1 General DEF Information
For Perkins diesel engines that are equipped with SCR equipment, meeting the mandated exhaust
emissions levels requires the use of diesel exhaust fluid (abbreviated DEF, also known as AdBlue or
AUS32). DEF is the only fluid recommended by Perkins for use in SCR systems in Perkins diesel
engines. DEF is available commercially, and its manufacture is regulated by the American Petroleum
Institute (API) to assure all DEF meets stringent quality specifications, as defined in “ISO 22241-1 -
NOx Reduction Agent AUS 32 – Part 1: Quality Requirements.”
3.2.2 Standards
• ISO 22241 – NOx reduction agent AUS 32
The ISO 22241 series provides the specifications for quality characteristics (22241-1), for test
method (22241-2), for handling, transportation and storage (22241-3), and for the refilling
interface (22241-4) as well as the test methods, needed by the manufacturers of motor vehicles
and their engines, by converter manufacturers, by producers and distributors of the DEF and by
fleet operators.
• DIN 70070 – NOx-Reduction agent AUS 32
This describes the quality requirements for the NOx deoxidizing agent AUS 32, required for the
deployment of catalytic converters with SCR in diesel engine powered automobiles.
• 1200 Series engines and machines with DEF/SCR equipment used in the US, are required to
use API (American Petroleum Institute) certified diesel exhaust fluid.
• Warning: Use of fluids that are not recommended by Perkins can result in numerous problems
including damage to DEF/SCR equipment.
3.2.3 DEF Quality.
The quality of DEF is critical. Tight control on the individual constituents is necessary to:
• Maintain shelf life
• Prevent injector clogging
• Prevent formation of deposits
• Prevent poisoning of the catalyst
3.2.3 DEF Storage
• For DEF storage requirements refer to the OMM
• DEF has a finite storage life dependent on the fluids storage temperature and vessels type
used.
• DEF is not classified as dangerous or hazardous waste but care must still be taken in disposal.
• DEF should not be disposed of in drains or waterways where DEF may enter the ground water.
Refer to applicable local and national regulations regarding proper disposal for your location.
A&I manual Publication TPD 1832 – Production issue 3. Page 16 of 41
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