7.1.4 Signals................................................................................................................................................ 179
7.1.5 Settings.............................................................................................................................................. 181
7.1.6 Monitored data.................................................................................................................................183
7.1.7 Operation principle.......................................................................................................................... 183
7.1.7.1 Full scheme measurement.......................................................................................................... 183
7.1.7.2 Impedance characteristic............................................................................................................184
7.1.7.3 Minimum operating current....................................................................................................... 188
7.1.7.4 Measuring principles....................................................................................................................188
7.1.7.5 Directional impedance element for quadrilateral characteristics...................................... 191
7.1.7.6 Simplified logic diagrams............................................................................................................192
7.1.8 Technical data...................................................................................................................................196
7.2 Phase selection, quadrilateral characteristic with fixed angle FDPSPDIS (21).........................197
7.2.1 Identification.....................................................................................................................................197
7.2.1.1 Identification..................................................................................................................................197
7.2.2 Functionality......................................................................................................................................197
7.2.3 Function block.................................................................................................................................. 198
7.2.4 Signals................................................................................................................................................ 198
7.2.5 Settings..............................................................................................................................................199
7.2.6 Operation principle......................................................................................................................... 200
7.2.6.1 Phase-to-ground fault................................................................................................................. 202
7.2.6.2 Phase-to-phase fault....................................................................................................................203
7.2.6.3 Three-phase faults....................................................................................................................... 205
7.2.6.4 Load encroachment..................................................................................................................... 206
7.2.6.5 Minimum operate currents.........................................................................................................209
7.2.6.6 Simplified logic diagrams...........................................................................................................209
7.2.7 Technical data................................................................................................................................... 215
7.3 Full-scheme distance measuring, Mho characteristic ZMHPDIS (21).........................................215
7.3.1 Identification.....................................................................................................................................215
7.3.2 Functionality......................................................................................................................................215
7.3.3 Function block...................................................................................................................................216
7.3.4 Signals................................................................................................................................................ 216
7.3.5 Settings.............................................................................................................................................. 217
7.3.6 Operation principle.......................................................................................................................... 219
7.3.6.1 Full scheme measurement.......................................................................................................... 219
7.3.6.2 Impedance characteristic............................................................................................................219
7.3.6.3 Basic operation characteristics.................................................................................................220
7.3.6.4 Theory of operation......................................................................................................................222
7.3.6.5 Simplified logic diagrams............................................................................................................231
7.3.7 Technical data...................................................................................................................................234
7.4 Directional impedance element for mho characteristic and additional distance
protection directional function for earth faults ZDMRDIR (21D), ZDARDIR..............................235
7.4.1 Identification.....................................................................................................................................235
7.4.2 Functionality..................................................................................................................................... 235
Table of contents
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Technical manual
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