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Crown FM30 User Manual

Crown FM30
111 pages
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FM30/FM100/FM250
Broadcast Transmitter
User's Manual
®
©2005 Crown Broadcast, a division of International Radio and Electronics, Inc.
25166 Leer Drive, Elkhart, Indiana, 46514-5425 U.S.A.
(574) 262-8900
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Crown FM30 Specifications

General IconGeneral
Modulation TypeFM
Output ConnectorBNC
Output Power30W
Input Impedance50 ohms
Frequency Range88-108 MHz

Summary

Getting Acquainted

Your Transmitter

Overview of the FM30, FM100, and FM250 broadcast transmitters, highlighting integration, ease-of-use, and reliability.

Applications and Options

Describes various applications like stand-alone, backup, booster, translator, satellator, and nearcast, plus product configurations.

Transmitter/Exciter Specifications

Details technical specifications including frequency range, RF power output, impedance, stability, audio levels, and distortion.

Receiver Specifications

Provides technical specifications for the receiver option, including monaural and stereo sensitivity, and connector types.

Safety Considerations

Outlines safety guidelines, defining DANGER, WARNING, and CAUTION alerts to prevent injury or equipment damage.

Installation

Operating Environment

Guidelines for installing the transmitter in a clean, well-ventilated area, with proper clearance for airflow.

Power Connections

Instructions for connecting AC and DC power, including setting the AC line voltage and fuse information.

Frequency (Channel) Selection

Procedure for selecting the operating frequency using rotary switches on the RF Exciter board.

Receiver Frequency Selection

Instructions for setting the receiving or incoming frequency for transmitters equipped with the receiver option.

RF Connections

Details on connecting the RF load, antenna, or external power amplifier to the rear panel's Type-N connector.

Audio Input Connections

Guidance on attaching audio inputs to the Left and Right XLR connectors, including pinout and impedance details.

SCA Input Connections

Instructions for connecting external SCA generators to the rear panel's BNC connectors.

Composite Input Connection

How to feed composite stereo or mono audio directly to the RF exciter, bypassing internal processors.

Audio Monitor Connections

Information on using the Monitor jacks for studio monitors and audio testing, including de-emphasis settings.

Pre-emphasis Selection

Guidance on selecting the pre-emphasis curve via jumpers on the audio processor and stereo generator boards.

Program Input Fault Time-out

Enabling automatic carrier turn-off upon program failure, with adjustable time delays.

Remote I/O Connector

Details on the 15-pin D-sub connector for remote control and metering, including pinout.

Operation

Initial Power-up Procedures

Step-by-step guide for the initial operation of the transmitter, including power-up checks and parameter verification.

Power Switches

Explanation of the DC breaker, main power switch, and carrier switch functions.

Front Panel Bar-Dot Displays

Description of LED indicators for audio levels, gain control, modulation, and fault status.

Input Gain Switches

How to set audio input sensitivity using the +6 dB and +12 dB slide switches.

Processing Control

Factors influencing the Processing control setting, affecting program density and music dynamics.

Stereo-Mono Switch

Selecting the transmission mode between Stereo and Mono operation.

RF Output Control

Setting the desired RF output power level using the front panel control.

Digital Multimeter

Explanation of the four-digit display and selectable parameters for transmitter monitoring.

Fault Indicators

Description of blinking red light indicators for SWR, Lock, Input, PA DC, and PA Temperature faults.

Principles of Operation

Part Numbering

Explanation of the component part numbering scheme used for circuit boards and schematics.

Audio Processor Circuit Board

Details the functions of the audio processor board, including compressor, limiter, expander, and pre-emphasis networks.

Stereo Generator Circuit Board

Explains how the stereo generator board creates a composite stereo signal from audio inputs.

RF Exciter Circuit Board

Describes the RF Exciter or Frequency Synthesizer board, including VCO and PLL circuitry.

Metering Circuit Board

Details the ALC and metering circuitry, including RF/DC metering and bias generation.

Motherboard

Describes the motherboard's role in interconnecting circuit boards and providing power and filtering.

Display Circuit Board

Explains the circuits for front panel LEDs, numeric display, and controls on the display board.

Voltage Regulator Circuit Board

Details the voltage regulator board's switch-mode regulators and program detection circuits.

Power Regulator Circuit Board

Explains the power regulator board's function in providing PA supply voltage and current metering.

RF Driver/Amplifier (FM30)

Describes the RF driver/amplifier assembly for the FM30 model.

RF Driver (FM100/FM250)

Describes the RF driver assembly for the FM100 and FM250 models.

RF Amplifier (FM100/FM250)

Details the RF power amplifier assembly for the FM100 and FM250 models.

Chassis

Discusses chassis components like AC power supply, bridge rectifier, and filter capacitor.

RF Output Filter & Reflectometer

Explains the RF low-pass filter and reflectometer for harmonic attenuation and VSWR measurement.

Receiver Circuit Board Option

Describes the receiver option for translator use, including tuner module and frequency selection.

Adjustments and Tests

Audio Processor Adjustments

Procedures for selecting and fine-tuning the pre-emphasis curve for audio processing.

Stereo Generator Adjustments

Steps for adjusting stereo separation and composite output levels.

Frequency Synthesizer Adjustments

Guidance on frequency selection, modulation compensation, and measurement/adjustment.

Metering Board Adjustments

Procedures for calibrating power, setting power output, and calibrating SWR.

Motherboard Adjustments

Information on motherboard jumper configurations for options.

Display Modulation Calibration

How to set the sensitivity of the front panel modulation bar graph display.

Voltage Regulator Adjustments

Setting time delays for program failure to carrier turnoff via JP701 header.

Bias Set (RF Power Amplifier)

Procedure to set the Bias Set trim pot in the PA module for optimal bias.

Performance Verification

Checklist of parameters for comprehensive transmitter performance characterization.

Carrier Frequency

Methods for measuring and adjusting the carrier frequency according to FCC regulations.

Output Power

How to measure and set the transmitter's output power using front panel display or watt meter.

RF Bandwidth and RF Harmonics

Using an RF spectrum analyzer to observe bandwidth and spurious emissions.

Pilot Frequency

Measuring and adjusting the 19-kHz pilot frequency for stereo transmissions.

Audio Frequency Response

Performing audio frequency response measurements using an FM modulation monitor.

Audio Distortion

Measuring audio distortion levels for left and right channels using an FM modulation monitor.

Modulation Percentage

Confirming total modulation percentage constancy and measuring pilot modulation.

FM and AM Noise

Taking noise readings from the de-emphasized output of a modulation monitor.

Stereo Separation

Measuring stereo separation between left and right channels with an FM modulation monitor.

Crosstalk

Measuring stereo crosstalk between channels, requiring correction for level and phase imbalances.

38–kHz Subcarrier Suppression

Ensuring the 38-kHz subcarrier is suppressed to at least 40 dB below the indicated level.

Additional Checks

Performing physical inspection, checking switches, indicators, frequency lock, and functional tests.

Reference Drawings

Views

Illustrations showing the front and rear views of the FM transmitter, labeling key components and connectors.

Board Layouts and Schematics

Provides board layouts and detailed schematics for various circuit boards within the transmitter.

Service and Support

Service

Procedure for obtaining warranty service, including contacting customer service and returning products.

24–Hour Support

Information on accessing 24-hour technical assistance via telephone for product support.

Spare Parts

Contact information for obtaining spare parts, including sales numbers and mailing addresses.

Transmitter Output Efficiency

RF Power Output-FM 30

Table showing PADC Volts, Amps, RF Power, and Efficiency for the FM30 transmitter.

RF Power Output-FM 100

Table showing PADC Volts, Amps, RF Power, and Efficiency for the FM100 transmitter.

RF Power Output-FM 250

Table showing PADC Volts, Amps, RF Power, and Efficiency for the FM250 transmitter.

Glossary

Index

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