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Water marking
Figure 22: water marking
Incorrect powder / water ratio (too much
water).
Use correct amount of water (especially
important with vacuum investing ma-
chines).
Work time of investment not used up.
Ensuring the work time is used up and
slurry temperature is 20 – 22 ºC.
Gas porosity
Figure 23: gas porosity
Reduce metal casting temperature.
Increase the time at 730 ºC.
Flask overheated during burn out.
Ensure maximum burn out temperature
does not exceed 730 ºC.
Impurities in the metal.
Do not use more than 50 % recycled
alloy and ensure it is clean.