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The following parameters are available for the nine
reverb types the StudioLive offers:
Decay. Decay is the time (in seconds) required for the reflections (reverberation)
to die away. In most modern music production, reverb decay times of between
one and three seconds are prevalent. A reverb setting with strong early reflections
and a quick decay are a great way to create a stereo effect from a mono source.
Predelay. Predelay is the time (in milliseconds) between the end of the initial
sound and the moment when the first reflections become audible. Imagine you’re
back on that stage in a large music hall. This time you stand on the very edge of
the stage and shout “Hello world!” toward the center of the hall. There will be a
brief pause before you hear the first noticeable reflections of your voice because
the sound waves can travel much farther before encountering a surface and
bouncing back. (There are closer surfaces, of course—notably the floor and the
ceiling just in front of the stage—but only a small part of the direct sound will go
there, so those reflections will be much less noticeable.) Adjusting the predelay
parameter on a reverb allows you to change the apparent size of the room without
having to change the overall decay time. This will give your mix a little more
transparency by leaving some space between the original sound and its reverb.
Note: Predelay control is not available on every reverb type.
Early Reflections. Early reflections are those that reach the listener a few
milliseconds after the direct signal arrives. Your brain uses them to identify the size of
the room you’re in. If you are trying to simulate a specific type of room, this control
will be extremely important. This control allows you to set the level (in decibels) of
the early reflections. The louder the early reflections, the smaller the room will seem.
Note: Early Reflections control is not available on every reverb type.
Delay and its Parameters
A delay essentially creates an echo, although you can often use
delays to create more complex time-based effects. The source signal
is delayed so that it is heard later than it actually occurred.
Note: Delay types and presets can only be loaded on FX C and FX D.
The following parameters are available for the four delay types the StudioLive offers:
Time. This is the time (in milliseconds) between the source signal and its
echo. The simplest delay effect is a single repeat. A short delay between
30 and 100 ms can be used to create slap-back echo, while longer delay
times produce a more distant echo. Delay times that are too short to
hear as distinct echoes can be used to create thickening effects. Whether
these echoes are timed with the tempo is a matter of stylistic choice.
This is the parameter that is controlled by the Tap Tempo button. Using the
Tap button on the CS18AI, you can speed up or slow down these repeats or,
more commonly, time the repeats to occur with the tempo of the music.
Power User Tip: While you have to select the Time parameter in order to use the Tap
button, you only have to do this the first time you use the Tap button for that effect.
Once the Tap button has been used to control the Time parameter on FX buses C or D,
it will always control the time of that particular delay, no matter what page you are
currently viewing. To assign the Tap button to control another delay, simply navigate
to that delay’s Time parameter and use the button to enter the desired delay time.
Time X. Time X is the value of the beat you are using as a reference for the
tempo. The basic unit of measure is a quarter note, so for example, if the
beats you are tapping represent quarter notes in the music, you would
set Time X to 1.00. If they are eighth notes, you would set Time X to 0.50,
half notes would be set to 2.00, and so on. In this way, you can precisely
synchronize or syncopate the delay echoes to the music in real time.
Note: The Stereo Delay offers two Time X controls. With the Ping
Pong delay, the Pong X parameter serves the same purpose.
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