Cisco FirePOWER ASA 5500 series

Cisco FirePOWER ASA 5500 series

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15-15

Cisco Security Appliance Command Line Configuration Guide

OL-10088-01

Chapter 15 Firewall Mode Overview

Transparent Mode Overview

4. If the outside user is attempting to attack the inside network, the security appliance employs many

technologies to determine if a packet is valid for an already established session.

Table of Contents

Default Chapter4
- Table of Contents4
- About this Guide33
- Related Documentation34
- Document Conventions37
- Documentation Feedback38
- Intrusion Prevention Services Functional Overview49
- Security Context Overview50
Chapter 2 Getting Started51
- Getting Started with Your Platform Model51
- Factory Default Configurations51
- Accessing the Command-Line Interface54
- Setting Transparent or Routed Firewall Mode55
- Working with the Configuration56
Chapter 3 Enabling Multiple Context Mode62
- Security Context Overview62
- Enabling or Disabling Multiple Context Mode70
Configuring Switch Ports and VLAN Interfaces for the Cisco ASA 5505 Adaptive Security Appliance73
- Interface Overview73
- Configuring VLAN Interfaces77
- Configuring Switch Ports as Access Ports81
- Configuring a Switch Port as a Trunk Port83
- Allowing Communication between VLAN Interfaces on the same Security Level85
Chapter 5 Configuring Ethernet Settings and Subinterfaces87
- Configuring and Enabling RJ-45 Interfaces87
- Configuring and Enabling Fiber Interfaces88
- Configuring and Enabling Subinterfaces89
Chapter 6 Adding and Managing Security Contexts92
- Configuring Resource Management92
- Configuring a Security Context97
- Automatically Assigning MAC Addresses to Context Interfaces101
- Changing between Contexts and the System Execution Space101
- Managing Security Contexts102
Chapter 7 Configuring Interface Parameters113
- Security Level Overview113
- Configuring the Interface114
- Allowing Communication between Interfaces on the same Security Level118
- Changing the Login Password119
- Changing the Enable Password119
- Setting the Hostname120
- Setting the Domain Name120
- Setting the Date and Time120
Chapter 8 Configuring Basic Setting120
- Setting the Time Zone and Daylight Saving Time Date Range121
- Setting the Date and Time Using an NTP Server122
- Setting the Date and Time Manually122
- Setting the Management IP Address for a Transparent Firewall123
Chapter 9 Configuring IP Routing125
- Configuring Static and Default Routes125
- Defining Route Maps130
- Configuring OSPF131
- Configuring RIP143
- The Routing Table146
CHAPTER 10 Configuring DHCP, DDNS, and WCCP Services151
- Configuring a DHCP Server151
- Configuring DHCP Relay Services155
- Configuring Dynamic DNS156
- Configuring Web Cache Services Using WCCP159
Configuring Multicast Routing163
- Multicast Routing Overview163
- Enabling Multicast Routing164
- Configuring Stub Multicast Routing167
- Configuring a Static Multicast Route167
  - Disabling PIM on an Interface168
- Configuring PIM Features168
- For more Information about Multicast Routing171
Chapter 12 Configuring Ipv6173
- Ipv6-Enabled Commands173
- Verifying the Ipv6 Configuration183
  - The Show Ipv6 Interface Command183
  - The Show Ipv6 Route Command184
Configuring AAA Servers and the Local Database185
- AAA Overview185
- AAA Server and Local Database Support186
- Configuring the Local Database194
- Identifying AAA Server Groups and Servers196
- Using Certificates and User Login Credentials199
  - Using User Login Credentials199
  - Using Certificates200
- Supporting a Zone Labs Integrity Server200
  - Overview of Integrity Server and Security Appliance Interaction201
  - Configuring Integrity Server Support201
- Understanding Failover203
Chapter 14 Configuring Failover204
- The Failover and Stateful Failover Links205
  - Stateful Failover Link207
- Active/Active and Active/Standby Failover208
  - Active/Active Failover211
  - Determining Which Type of Failover to Use216
- Failover Health Monitoring217
  - Interface Monitoring218
- Failover Feature/Platform Matrix219
- Failover Configuration Limitations220
  - Configuring LAN-Based Active/Standby Failover222
  - Configuring Optional Active/Standby Failover Settings225
- Configuring Active/Active Failover228
  - Configuring LAN-Based Active/Active Failover230
  - Configuring Optional Active/Active Failover Settings234
- Configuring Unit Health Monitoring238
- Verifying the Failover Configuration239
  - Viewing Monitored Interfaces247
  - Testing the Failover Functionality248
- Disabling Failover249
  - Failover System Messages250
- Routed Mode Overview253
Chapter 15 Firewall Mode Overview254
- An Inside User Visits a Web Server255
- An Outside User Visits a Web Server on the DMZ256
- An Inside User Visits a Web Server on the DMZ257
- An Outside User Attempts to Access an Inside Host258
- A DMZ User Attempts to Access an Inside Host259
- Transparent Firewall Network260
- MAC Address Lookups261
- Unsupported Features in Transparent Mode262
- How Data Moves through the Transparent Firewall263
CHAPTER 16 Identifying Traffic with Access Lists269
- Access List Overview269
  - Access List Types270
  - C H a P T E R 16 Identifying Traffic with Access Lists271
- Adding an Extended Access List273
  - Allowing Special IP Traffic through the Transparent Firewall274
- Adding an Ethertype Access List276
- Adding a Standard Access List277
- Adding a Webtype Access List278
- Scheduling Extended Access List Activation285
- NAT Overview291
  - Introduction to NAT292
Chapter 17 Applying NAT293
- NAT Types295
  - Static NAT297
  - Bypassing NAT When NAT Control Is Enabled299
- NAT and same Security Level Interfaces302
- Order of NAT Commands Used to Match Real Addresses303
- Configuring NAT Control305
- Using Dynamic NAT and PAT306
  - Configuring Dynamic NAT or PAT312
- Using Static NAT315
- Using Static PAT316
- Bypassing NAT318
  - Configuring Static Identity NAT319
  - Configuring NAT Exemption321
- NAT Examples322
CHAPTER 18 Permitting or Denying Network Access331
- Applying an Access List to an Interface331
- AAA Performance333
Chapter 19 Applying AAA for Network Acces334
- Static PAT and HTTP335
- Enabling Secure Authentication of Web Clients337
- Configuring RADIUS Authorization339
  - Configuring a RADIUS Server to Download Per-User Access Control List Names343
- Configuring Accounting for Network Access344
- Using MAC Addresses to Exempt Traffic from Authentication and Authorization345
CHAPTER 20 Applying Filtering Services 20-1347
- Filtering Overview347
- C H a P T E R 20 Applying Filtering Services348
- Filtering Java Applets349
- Viewing Filtering Statistics and Configuration355
  - Viewing Buffer Configuration and Statistics356
  - Viewing Caching Statistics357
- Modular Policy Framework Overview359
Chapter 21 Using Modular Policy Framework360
- Creating a Layer 3/4 Class Map for through Traffic361
- Creating a Layer 3/4 Class Map for Management Traffic363
- Creating a Regular Expression364
- Creating a Regular Expression Class Map366
- Identifying Traffic in an Inspection Class Map367
- Defining Actions in an Inspection Policy Map368
- Defining Actions Using a Layer 3/4 Policy Map371
  - Default Layer 3/4 Policy Map372
  - Adding a Layer 3/4 Policy Map373
- Applying a Layer 3/4 Policy to an Interface Using a Service Policy375
- Managing the AIP SSM379
Chapter 22 Managing AIP SSM and CSC SSM380
- Sessioning to the AIP SSM and Running Setup382
- Managing the CSC SSM383
- Checking SSM Status391
- Transferring an Image Onto an SSM392
- Configuring TCP Normalization395
Chapter 23 Preventing Network Attack396
- Configuring Connection Limits and Timeouts398
- Preventing IP Spoofing399
- Configuring the Fragment Size400
- Configuring IP Audit for Basic IPS Support401
- Overview403
Chapter 24 Applying Qo Policie404
- Identifying Traffic for Qos406
- Defining a Qos Policy Map407
- Applying Rate Limiting408
- Activating the Service Policy409
- Applying Low Latency Queueing410
  - Reducing Queue Latency411
- Viewing Qos Configuration414
  - Viewing Qos Policy Map Configuration415
- Viewing Qos Statistics416
CHAPTER 25 Configuring Application Layer Protocol Inspection423
- Configuring Application Inspection423
- CTIQBE Inspection427
- Limitations and Restrictions428
- DCERPC Inspection429
  - Configuring a DCERPC Inspection Policy Map for Additional Inspection Control430
- DNS Inspection431
- ESMTP Inspection442
- FTP Inspection443
- GTP Inspection449
  - Configuring a GTP Inspection Policy Map for Additional Inspection Control450
  - Verifying and Monitoring GTP Inspection454
- H.323 Inspection455
- Instant Messaging Inspection465
  - IM Inspection Overview466
- ICMP Inspection469
- MGCP Inspection470
Configuring ARP Inspection495
- C H a P T E R 26 Configuring ARP Inspection and Bridging Parameters496
- Customizing the MAC Address Table497
- Setting the MAC Address Timeout498
- Tunneling Overview503
Chapter 27 Configuring Ipsec and ISAKMP504
- Configuring ISAKMP Policies507
- Enabling ISAKMP on the Outside Interface508
- Enabling Ipsec over NAT-T509
- Enabling Ipsec over TCP510
- Waiting for Active Sessions to Terminate before Rebooting511
- Creating a Certificate Group Matching Rule and Policy512
- Using the Tunnel-Group-Map Default-Group Command513
- Understanding Transform Sets514
- Applying Crypto Maps to Interfaces522
- Changing Ipsec SA Lifetimes524
- Using Dynamic Crypto Maps526
- Providing Site-To-Site Redundancy528
- Clearing Security Associations529
- Supporting the Nokia VPN Client530
  - L2TP Overview533
    - Ipsec Transport and Tunnel Modes534
Chapter 28 Configuring L2TP over Ipsec535
- Tunnel Group Switching537
- Using L2TP Debug Commands539
- Enabling Ipsec Debug540
CHAPTER 29 Setting General Ipsec VPN Parameters 29-1543
- Configuring Vpns in Single, Routed Mode543
  - C H a P T E R 29 Setting General Ipsec VPN Parameters544
  - NAT Considerations for Intra-Interface Traffic545
- Understanding Load Balancing547
- Configuring Load Balancing551
Configuring Tunnel Groups559
- Configuring Ipsec Tunnel-Group General Attributes560
  - Configuring Ipsec Remote-Access Tunnel Group Ipsec Attributes564
  - Configuring Ipsec Remote-Access Tunnel Group PPP Attributes566
- Configuring LAN-To-LAN Tunnel Groups567
  - Configuring LAN-To-LAN Tunnel Group General Attributes568
- Configuring Webvpn Tunnel Groups570
  - Configuring Webvpn Tunnel-Group General Attributes571
  - Configuring Webvpn Tunnel-Group Webvpn Attributes574
- Customizing Login Windows for Webvpn Users577
- Configuring Microsoft Active Directory Settings for Password Management578
- Group Policies584
- Configuring User Attributes625
  - Configuring Webvpn for Specific Users629
- Configuring an IP Address Assignment Method643
Chapter 31 Configuring IP Addresse for VPN644
- Configuring DHCP Addressing645
CHAPTER 36 Configuring LAN-To-LAN Ipsec Vpns 36-1647
- Summary of the Configuration647
- C H a P T E R 32 Configuring Remote Access Ipsec Vpns648
- Configuring ISAKMP Policy and Enabling ISAKMP on the Outside Interface649
CHAPTER 32 Configuring Remote Access Ipsec Vpns650
- Configuring an Address Pool650
- Defining a Tunnel Group651
- Creating a Dynamic Crypto Map652
- Creating a Crypto Map Entry to Use the Dynamic Crypto Map653
CHAPTER 33 Configuring Network Admission Control655
- Uses, Requirements, and Limitations655
- Changing Advanced Settings659
CHAPTER 34 Configuring Easy VPN Services on the ASA 5505666
- Specifying the Client/Server Role of the Cisco ASA 5505666
- Specifying the Primary and Secondary Servers667
- Configuring Automatic Xauth Authentication668
- Comparing Tunneling Options669
- Specifying the Tunnel Group or Trustpoint670
  - Specifying the Trustpoint671
- Configuring Split Tunneling672
- Configuring Remote Management673
  - Group Policy and User Attributes Pushed to the Client674
  - Authentication Options676
- Pppoe Client Overview677
Chapter 35 Configuring the Pppoe Client678
- Enabling Pppoe679
- Monitoring and Debugging the Pppoe Client680
- Clearing the Configuration681
  - Summary of the Configuration683
  - C H a P T E R 36 Configuring LAN-To-LAN Ipsec Vpns684
- Creating a Transform Set686
- Defining a Tunnel Group687
- Creating a Crypto Map and Applying It to an Interface688
  - Applying Crypto Maps to Interfaces689
- Getting Started with Webvpn691
Chapter 37 Configuring Webvpn692
- Using SSL to Access the Central Site693
  - Setting Webvpn HTTP/HTTPS Proxy694
- Enabling Cookies on Browsers for Webvpn695
- Authenticating with Digital Certificates704
- Creating Port Forwarding, URL, and Access Lists in Global Configuration Mode705
- Configuring Webvpn Tunnel Group Attributes706
- Configuring Application Access707
  - Recovering from Hosts File Errors When Using Application Access708
    - Stopping Application Access Improperly709
- Configuring File Access711
- Configuring Access to Citrix Metaframe Services713
- Using Webvpn with Pdas714
- Using E-Mail over Webvpn715
  - E-Mail Proxy Certificate Authentication716
- Optimizing Webvpn Performance717
- Capturing Webvpn Data739
  - Creating a Capture File740
- Installing SVC743
Chapter 38 Configuring SSL VPN Client744
- Enabling SVC745
- Enabling Permanent SVC Installation746
- Enabling Rekey747
- Enabling Keepalive748
- Viewing SVC Sessions749
- Logging off SVC Sessions750
CHAPTER 39 Configuring Certificates 39-1751
- Public Key Cryptography751
- Allowing Telnet Access769
Chapter 40 Managing System Acces770
- Using an SSH Client771
- Configuring AAA for System Administrators772
- Configuring a Login Banner784
CHAPTER 41 Managing Software, Licenses, and Configurations785
- Managing Licenses785
- C H a P T E R 41 Managing Software, Licenses, and Configurations786
- Downloading Software or Configuration Files to Flash Memory787
  - Downloading a File to the Startup or Running Configuration788
- Configuring the Application Image and ASDM Image to Boot789
- Performing Zero Downtime Upgrades for Failover Pairs790
  - Upgrading and Active/Active Failover Configuration791
- Backing up Configuration Files792
CHAPTER 42 Monitoring the Security Appliance799
- Using SNMP799
  - C H a P T E R 42 Monitoring the Security Appliance800
  - Enabling SNMP801
- Configuring and Managing Logs803
CHAPTER 43 Troubleshooting the Security Appliance823
- Testing Your Configuration823
- Other Troubleshooting Tools832
APPENDIX A Feature Licenses and Specifications837
- Supported Platforms and Feature Licenses837
- A P P E N D I X a Feature Licenses and Specifications838
- Security Services Module Support845
- VPN Specifications846
  - Cisco VPN Client Support847
  - Cryptographic Standards848
- Example 1: Multiple Mode Firewall with Outside Access849
Appendix B Sample Configuration850
- Example 1: Admin Context Configuration852
- Example 1: Customer C Context Configuration853
- Example 2: Single Mode Firewall Using same Security Level854
- Example 3: Shared Resources for Multiple Contexts856
  - Example 3: System Configuration857
    - Example 3: Department 1 Context Configuration858
    - Example 3: Department 2 Context Configuration859
- Example 4: Multiple Mode, Transparent Firewall with Outside Access860
- Example 6: Ipv6 Configuration866
- Example 7: Cable-Based Active/Standby Failover (Routed Mode)868
- Example 8: LAN-Based Active/Standby Failover (Routed Mode)869
  - Example 8: Secondary Unit Configuration870
  - Example 9: Primary Unit Configuration871
    - Example 9: Primary Admin Context Configuration872
    - Example 9: Primary Ctx1 Context Configuration873
- Example 10: Cable-Based Active/Standby Failover (Transparent Mode)874
- Example 11: LAN-Based Active/Standby Failover (Transparent Mode)876
  - Example 11: Secondary Unit Configuration877
- Example 12: LAN-Based Active/Active Failover (Transparent Mode)878
  - Example 12: Primary System Configuration879
  - Example 12: Primary Ctx1 Context Configuration880
- Example 14: Dual ISP Support Using Static Route Tracking881
- Example 14: ASA 5505 Base License882
- Example 15: ASA 5505 Security Plus License with Failover and Dual-ISP Backup884
APPENDIX E Configuring an External Server for Authorization and Authentication911
- Selecting LDAP, RADIUS, or Local Authentication and Authorization911
- A P P E N D I X E Configuring an External Server for Authorization and Authentication912
- Reviewing the LDAP Directory Structure and Configuration Procedure913
- Searching the Hierarchy914
- Binding the Security Appliance to the LDAP Server915
- Cisco -AV-Pair Attribute Syntax924
- Example Security Appliance Authorization Schema925
- Loading the Schema in the LDAP Server928
- Reviewing Examples of Active Directory Configurations929
- Example 2: Configuring LDAP Authentication with Microsoft Active Directory930
- Example 3: LDAP Authentication and LDAP Authorization with Microsoft Active Directory932
- Configuring an External RADIUS Server934
- Security Appliance RADIUS Authorization Attributes935

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