Chapter 9—Supplemental Information
ENSONIQ MR-Rack Musician’s Manual 1
Glossary
Alt. FX Bus
The “second-choice” Effect Bus routing for Sounds routed to the Insert Effect bus. Also an
alternate term for the FX Bus parameter of any Sound not routed to the Insert Effect bus. In the MR
Unisyn editor, the Alt. FX Bus is the means by which a Sound’s Effect routing is programmed
when it’s not being routed to the Insert or Dry Effect busses.
Ambience
The sound of the physical space—real or simulated—in which a sound occurs.
Amplify
To increase the level, or loudness, of a signal.
Amplitude
The level, or loudness, of a signal.
AO-C8
The MIDI pitch range of an 88-note keyboard. The lowest note is an A, designated as “A0,” and
the highest note, a C, is referred to as “C8.” The numbers increment at each C—A0 is followed by
A#0, B0 and C1, for example. Middle C is “C4.” Most MIDI manufacturers use this scheme;
however, a few manufacturers refer to Middle C as “C3.”
Attenuate
To decrease the level, or loudness, of a signal.
Balanced-Line Input
Three-conductor balanced lines are used to interconnect various pieces of equipment, and are
often used in professional studios. These balanced-line inputs tend to reject hum and/or radio
frequency interference. The MR-Rack has balanced-line outputs, for connecting with professional
balanced-line input studio equipment.
Bandwidth
The overall frequency spectrum of a Sound or Effect, measured in Hertz (Hz) and kiloHertz (kHz).
Bank
A group of MR-Rack Sounds and Performances. There can be up to 127 Sounds in a bank, or up to
32 Performances. Banks can be selected via MIDI with a Bank Select MSB of 0 followed by a
Bank Select LSB value specifying the number of the desired bank. MIDI Program Change
messages can select individual Sounds or Performances from within the chosen bank.
Bank Select
A MIDI message pair which allows the remote selection of banks of MR-Rack Sounds and
Performances. A Bank Select message pair is comprised of an MSB value of 0 followed by an LSB
value specifying the desired bank.
Buffer
An area within the MR-Rack’s memory which temporarily stores changes made to a Performance,
including Part Sound selection, Part parameter edits, Effect routings, Effect edits and PerfEditKit
edits. These changes become permanent only when they are written to the MR-Rack’s memory
using a Save command.
C4
The MIDI designation for Middle C on a MIDI keyboard or controller. Note: some MIDI
manufacturers refer to Middle C as “C3.”
Chorusing
An audio effect that results from the mixing together of a source signal with slightly delayed
copies of itself where the delay time of the copies is fluctuating in a regular, rhythmic fashion. The
timing variations create phasing anomalies that cause the source signal to swirl, and sound wider
and/or bigger.
Compression
A sound-conditioning process that reduces a source signal’s dynamic range. Loud signals get
softer and softer signals get louder.
Compression Ratio
The amount by which a signal is compressed, expressed as a ratio. For example, a 4 to 1
compression ratio will result in an increase of 1dB in output level for every 4dB increase in input
level. At high ratios (such as 20:1 and above), the compressor acts as a limiter.
CTRL
Synonym for “System Controller.”
Cutoff Frequency
The filter setting that determines which frequencies a filter will leave un-attenuated. In a low-pass
filter, the cutoff frequency setting determines the highest frequency that will be allowed to pass
through the filter. In a high-pass filter, it determines the lowest frequency.
Cycle
A sound wave’s single journey from exerting a greater amount of air pressure to a lesser one and
back to its starting point. The number of cycles per second determines the pitch—or
frequency—of the sound wave. The number of cycles per second is expressed in Hertz (Hz) and
kiloHertz (kHz).
Damping
A reverb parameter that determines how quickly the high-frequency content of a reverb will be
reduced as it decays to silence.
DDL
Abbreviation for “digital delay line,” an Effect that creates a digital copy, or copies, of a source
signal and plays it (or them) back later than the original signal. These delays can be used to
create a myriad of audio effects.
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