1 Getting Started
18 Keysight 2050/60 X-Series User’s Guide
affecting input signal. In this series of sensor, the chopper concept is extended to allow the
user to set an ‘aperture’ over which averaging is calculated. This aperture is selectable in
100ns resolution and provides a powerful mechanism for precisely tuning the instrument to
the signal being measured. In addition to allowing the aperture to match a particular epoch
of the RF signal, for example setting the aperture equal to a multiple of the modulation
frequency in an AM signal, there is the ability to precisely trigger the occurrence of each
measurement. This allows synchronization between the device under test and the
measurement system.
Sometimes it is necessary to examine the time varying characteristics of the power
envelope. This allows measurements of pulse duration time or pulse period for example.
This series of sensor has NORMAL measurement mode to provide 20MHz sampling of the
power envelope. In common with AVERAGE mode, the best diode from the 4 ranges is
selected transparently within the digital processing. In contract to AVERAGE mode, no
chopper switching is performed and the signal path is a direct coupled differential
amplifier. The analog signal conditioning allows the load resistor and the low pass filter
characteristics to be adjusted. Changing the load resistor also changes the response level
(V/W) of the diode detector and its video bandwidth. Changing the load capacitance will
affect the bandwidth but not the response level. Used together, these controls enable
reduced noise on the measurement for low level signals at the expense of video bandwidth.
A high speed trigger Input and trigger output are also present in each sensor to allow
proper synchronization between test instruments. Besides that, Average and Normal mode
do support internal level trigger mode on top of external trigger mode. This allows flexibility
in triggering on different input signal over a wide dynamic range.
A high speed acquisition and processing engine is also present in the sensor to enable a
complex calibration scheme to track the performance of various modes across frequency,
input power and temperature. The robust back end system also allows 2050/60 X-Series to
be paired with either conventional USB or LAN based interface. With a LAN based
interface, the prefix “U” is replaced with “L”.
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