24 Port Gigabit Ethernet PoE Switch – User Manual Page 11 of 72
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2-1-4. IP Address Assignment
For IP address configuration, there are three parameters needed to be filled in.
They are IP address, Subnet Mask, Default Gateway and DNS.
IP address:
The address of the network device in the network is used for internetworking com-
munication. Its address structure is shown Fig. 2-8. It is “classful” because it is split into
predefined address classes or categories.
Each class has its own network range between the network identifier and host iden-
tifier in the 32 bits address. Each IP address comprises two parts: network identifier (ad-
dress) and host identifier (address). The former indicates the network where the ad-
dressed host resides, and the latter indicates the individual host in the network which the
address of host refers to. And the host identifier must be unique in the same LAN. Here
the term of IP address we used is version 4, known as IPv4.
Fig. 2-8 IP address structure
With the classful addressing, it divides IP addresses into three classes, class A,
class B and class C. The rest of IP addresses are for multicast and broadcast. The bit
length of the network prefix is the same as that of the subnet mask and is denoted as IP
address/X, for example, 192.168.1.0/10. Each class has its address range described be-
low.
Class A:
Address is less than 126.255.255.255. There are a total of 126 networks can be de-
fined because the address 0.0.0.0 is reserved for default route and 127.0.0.0/8 is re-
served for loopback function.
Class B:
IP address range between 128.0.0.0 and 191.255.255.255. Each class B network
has a 16-bit network prefix followed 16-bit host address. There are 16,384 (2^14)/16
networks able to be defined with a maximum of 65534 (2^16 –2) hosts per network.
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