100-214-239 Rev. A A-7
Appendix A
Digital Sonifier
Calcium:
mouse Ehrlich ascites tumor cells were sonified for 1 minute to determine the
amount of bound calcium present. Cells were labeled with calcium 45.
Candida albicans spores:
95% disruption of 1/2 gram dry wt. in a 15 ml solution in 35
minutes.
Carbon black:
excellent small particle suspension.
Caryophanon latum:
glucosamine, muramic acid, alanine, glutamic acid and lysine were
obtained.
Catecholamine:
can be extracted from heart muscle.
Cellumonas biazotea:
disruption obtained with retention of malate dehydrogenase activity.
Chicken sper matozoa: completely disrupts in 2 minutes.
Chlorella:
completely disrupts in 3 minutes.
Chloroplasts:
disrupt in a few seconds.
Cholesterol:
apparent permanent suspension in 1 minute in water.
Desullovibrio vulgaris:
less than 30 seconds of ultrasonic treatment resulted in release of
TCA enzymes.
Diplococcus:
completely disrupts in 5 minutes.
DNA:
breaks chains on low power instantly. Controlled degradation may be obtained.
Dyes:
excellent rapid dispersion and homogenization.
E. coli.:
2 gm wet weight in 10 ml solution completely disrupts in 40 seconds. The Sonifer Cell
Disruptor has been used extensively in research on this organism.
Egg whites:
can be reduced to a homogeneous pipettable solution in 15 seconds on low
power.
Ehrlich ascites:
disrupts in a few seconds .
Electron microscopy:
apertures are quickly cleaned.
Emulsions:
10 ml of most light mixtures become semi-permanent emulsions in about 1
minute without emulsifiers. Average particle size is usually well under 1 micron. Sterile emul-
sions can be prepared by ultrasonic treatment for feeding to germ-free animals.
Enterococcus:
excellent disruption.
Erwina cartovara:
complete disruption in 1-2 minutes depending on cell concentration.
Erythrocytes:
disrupts in a few seconds.
Euglena gracilis:
completely disrupts in a few seconds to isolate chloroplasts.
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