Gemini Series Electroporator User’s Manual
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Generator Specifications Gemini X2 Gemini SC
Square Wave Pulse Ranges
Voltage Range
LV Mode
5-500 in 1 V steps 10-500 V in 5 V steps
HV Mode
505-3000 in 5 V steps 510-3000 in 10 V steps
Voltage Accuracy
LV Mode
5% 5%
HV Mode
5% 5%
Pulse Length Range
LV Mode
10-999 µs in 1 µs step, 1-999 ms in 1 ms step 0.05-10 ms in 0.05 ms steps, 10-100 ms in 1 ms step
HV Mode
10-600 µs / 1 µs step 50 µs-5 ms in 50 µs steps
Multiple Pulsing
LV Mode
1-10 pulses per sample 1 to 10
HV Mode
1-3 pulses per sample 1 to 2
Pulse Interval
0.1 s to 10 s 0.1 s to 10 s
Capacitance in µF
LV Mode
3775 µF 3775 µF
HV Mode
85 µF 85 µF
Voltage Droop
20% Load < 1 K Ω, 10% Load > 1 K Ω 20% Load < 1 K Ω, 10% Load > 1 K Ω
Exponential Decay Pulse Ranges
Voltage Range
LV Mode
5-500 in 1 V steps 10-500 in 5 V steps
HV Mode
505-3000 in 5 V steps 510-3000 / 10 V steps
Voltage Accuracy
LV Mode
5% 5%
HV Mode
5% 5%
Time Constant Range
LV Mode
1 ms to 5.158 s 1.25 ms to 3.275 s / 1.25 ms
HV Mode
0.5 ms to 133.875 ms 0.5 ms to 50 ms / 0.5 ms
Multiple Pulsing
Multiple Pulsing
1 to 2 depending on device’s current amplitude limit No
Pulse Interval
5 to 30 s N/A
Capacitance in µF
LV Mode
25-3275 µF in 25 µF steps 25-3275 µF in 25 µF steps
HV Mode
10, 25, 35, 50, 60, 75, 85 µF 10, 25, 50 µF
Available Internal Resistance Selections
All Modes
LV 25-1575 Ω in25 Ω steps, HV 50-1575 Ω in 25 Ω steps 50-1000 Ω in 50 Ω steps
Sample Resistance (Load) Exponential Decay or Square
LV Mode
PL ≤ 100ms, load ≥ 8-9 Ω, PL >100ms, load ≥100 Ω Load ≥ 10 Ω
HV Mode
Load ≥ 40 Ω 510-2500 Load ≥ 20 Ω, 2500 to 3000 V, Load ≥ 600 Ω
Other Specifications
Charging Time
LV < 7 s, HV < 4 s LV < 7 s, HV < 4 s
Monitoring
Pulse Voltage, Width, Droop % and Sample Resis-
tance
Pulse Voltage, Width, Droop % and Sample Resis-
tance
Display
4.3 in color display 4.3 in color display
Controls
Touch Screen Touch Screen
Programmability
Storage over 1000 Protocols Storage over 1000 Protocols
Arc Control
Yes Yes
Generator Specifications