Gemini Series Electroporator User’s Manual
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9
Applications
Mammalian Cell Transfection
Electroporation is a highly flexible technique used to genetically
modify mammalian cells. Whether you are studying up or down
regulation of genes, specific protein expression. This method
is non-toxic and requires no expensive reagents to successfully
transfect your cells. Primary cells, stem cells or established cell lines
can be electroporated with yield high transfection efficiencies and
great cell survival rates.
In Vivo, In Utero, In Ovo
Square wave systems allow researchers to set the pulse lengths
and number of pulses, which is critical to ensure viable cells and
tissues while still maintaining efficient transfection both in vivo and
ex vivo. Electroporation mediated gene and drug delivery has been
shown to substantially increase intracellular uptake and expression
of DNA, siRNA and miRNA in muscle, skin, liver, kidney, testis,
retina, tumors, etc. In vivo electroporation has successfully been
used in embryo applications, in utero and in ovo applications in
addition to transfection of Zebra fish.
Bacteria and Yeast Transformation
Electroporation has long been recognized as the most efficient
means of transforming both gram negative and gram positive
bacteria and yeast. Gramnegative bacteria such as coli or
Helicobacter pylori are generally easier to transform than
grampositive bacteria (e.g. Streptococcus pneumoniae) due to
their cell wall composition. Transformation efficiencies of 1x10
10
transformants/μg DNA are commonly seen for gram-negative
bacteria, while for gram-positive bacteria, generally 1x10
6
transformants/μg DNA are achievable.
Plant and Insect Transfection
Electroporation of plant tissue can be used to generate transgenic
crops that are useful in agricultural/horticultural applications.
Insect models are also widely used throughout the scientific
community to study development and gene regulation and
function. The ability to introduce genes or molecules is essential to
researchers working with either of these two species. This is why
researchers consistently turn to BTX for all of their electroporation
needs.
References
Jonathan M. Dermott, J. M. Gooya, B. Asefa, S. R. Weiler, M. Smith, J.
R. Keller. Inhibition of Growth by p205: A nuclear protein and putative
tumor suppressor expressed during Myeloid Cell differentiation. Stem
Cells 22:832-848. 2004
JonathanM. Quinlan, Wei-Yuan Yu, MarkA. Hornsey, David Tosh
andJonathan MWSlack. In vitro culture of embryonic mouse intestinal
epithelium: cell differen-tiation and introduction or reporter genes.
BMC Developmental Biology 6:24. 2006
YangbingZhao, ZhiliZheng, Cyrille J. Cohen, Luca Gattinoni, Douglas
C. Palmer, Nicholas P. Restifo, Steven A. Rosenberg, and RichardA.
Morgan. High-efficiency transfection ofprimary human and mouse
Tlymphocytes using RNA electropora-tion. Molecular Therapy (2006)
13, 151–159
William J. Buchser, Jose R. Pardinas, Yan Shi, John L. Bixby, and
VanceP. Lemmon. 96-Well electroporation method for transfection of
mammalian central neurons. BioTechniques Vol. 41, no. 5.2006
K. Regha, AjitK. Satapathy and Malay K. Ray. RecD plays an essential
function during growth at low temperature in the Antarctic Bacterium
Pseudomonas syringae Lz4W. Genetics 170: 1473-1484. August2005
Victor B. Busov, R. Meilan, D.W. Pearce, C. Ma, S. B. Rood, andS.
H. Strauss. Activation Tagging of a dominant Gibberellin catabolism
gene (GA 2-oxidase) from poplar that regulates tree stature. Plant
Physiology, Vol. 132, pp. 1283-1291. July 2003
Jun Ishikawa, Kazuhiro Chiba, Haruyo Kurita, and Hiroyuki Satoh.
Contribution of rpoB2 RNA Polymerase‚ Subunit Gene to Rifampin
Resistance in Nocardia Species. Antimicrobial Agents Chemotherapy,
50(4):1342-1346. April 2006
Bindu Garg, Romesh C. Dogra, and Parveen K. Sharma. High-Efficiency
Transformation of Rhizobium leguminosarum by Electroporation.
Applied Environmental Microbiology. 65(6):2802-2804. June 1999
General References
In Vitro Electroporation
Kim, T. et. al., Mesoporous Silica-Coated Hollow Manganese Oxide
Nanoparticles as Positive T1 Contrast Agents for Labeling and MRI
Tracking of Adipose- Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells. J. Am. Chem.
Soc., 133, 2955–2961, 2011
Kataoka, N. et. al., Development of butanol-tolerant Bacillus subtilis
strain GRSW2-B1 as a potential bioproduction, AMB Express, 1:10,
2011
Hutson, T.H. et. al., Optimization of a 96 well electroporation assay
for post natal rat CNS neurons suitable for cost–effective medium-
throughput screening of genes that promote neurite outgrowth.
Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience; 4(55): December 2011
Djouad, F. et. al., Activin A expression regulates multipotency of
mesenchymal progenitor cells. Stem Cell Res & Therapy, 1(11), 2010
Sankaranarayanan , K. et. al., Electro-Molecular Therapy using Adult
Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Proc. ESA Annual Meeting on Electrostatics,
13, 2010
Blackmore, M. et. al., High content screening of cortical neurons
identifies novel regulators of axon growth. Molecular and Cellular
Neuroscience, 44, 43 -54, 2010
Yao, S. et. al., Improvement of electroporation to deliver plasmid DNA
into dental follicle cells. Biotechnol J. October ; 4(10): 1488–1496.
2009
Rinaldi, G., Development of Functional Genomic Tools in Trematodes:
RNA Interference and Luciferase Reporter Gene Activity in Fasciola
hepatica. PLoS One, 2(7); e260, July 2008
Nguyen, K. et al., T Cell Costimulation via the Integrin VLA-4 Inhibits
the Actin-Dependent Centralization of Signaling Microclusters
Containing the Adaptor SLP-76. Immunity, 28, 810–821, June 2008
Yang, C. et al., Dimeric heat shock protein 40 binds radial spokes
for generating coupled power strokes and recovery strokes of 9 + 2
flagella. The Journal of Cell Biology, 180(2), pp. 403-415, January 28,
2008
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