Burnham Revolution - XII. Low Water Cut Off (LWCO) Installation and Testing; LWCO Testing Procedure

99
XII. Low Water Cut Off (LWCO) on Hot Water Boilers
 A24VACLWCOisusedprimarilyforgasredboilers
where a 24 volt control circuit exists within the boiler.
However, a 24 VAC LWCO can only be used if the
boiler manufacturer has provided piping and wiring
connections and instructions to allow for this applica-
tion.
How to Test
Shut off fuel supply. Lower water level until water
level is BELOW the LWCO. Generate a boiler demand
by turning up thermostat. Boiler should not attempt to
operate.Increasethewaterlevelbyllingthesystem.
The boiler should attempt to operate once the water
level is above the LWCO.
Wiring of Typical LWCO
When
A low water cutoff is required to protect a hot water
boiler when any connected heat distributor (radiation) is
installed below the top of the hot water boiler (i.e.
baseboardonthesameoorlevelastheboiler).In
addition, some jurisdictions require the use of a LWCO
with a hot water boiler.
Where
The universal location for a LWCO on both gas and oil
hot water boilers is above the boiler, in either the supply
or return piping. The minimum safe water level of a
water boiler is at the uppermost top of the boiler; that is,
it must be full of water to operate safely.
What Kind
Typically, in residential applications, a probe type
LWCOisusedinsteadofaoattype,duetotheir
relative costs and the simplicity of piping for a probe
LWCO.
How to Pipe
A “tee” is commonly used to connect the probe LWCO
to the supply or return piping, as shown below.
LWCO Location
manufacturers recommend an annual inspection of the
probe.
How to Wire
LWCO’s are available in either 120 VAC or 24 VAC
congurations.The120VACcongurationcanbe
universally applied to both gas and oil boilers by wiring
it in the line voltage service to the boiler (after the
service switch, if so equipped).
The presence of water in a properly installed LWCO
will cause the normally open contact of the LWCO to
close, thus providing continuity of the 120 VAC service
to the boiler.
It is recommended to supply power to the probe LWCO
with the same line voltage boiler service as shown
below.
Select the appropriate size tee using the LWCO
manufacturer’s instructions. Often, the branch connec-
tion must have a minimum diameter to prevent
bridging between the probe and the tee. Also, the run
of the tee must have a minimum diameter to prevent the
end of the probe from touching or being located too
close to the inside wall of the run of the tee.
Ideally, manual shutoff valves should be located above
the LWCO and the boiler to allow for servicing. This
will allow probe removal for inspection without
draining the heating system. Many probe LWCO
WARNING
DO NOT ATTEMPT to cut factory wires to install an aftermarket Low Water Cut Off (LWCO). Only use
connections specically identied for Low Water Cut Off.
In all cases, follow the Low Water Cut Off (LWCO) manufacturer's instructions.