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Catalyst 3750 Switch Software Configuration Guide
78-16180-02
Chapter 17 Configuring STP
Understanding Spanning-Tree Features
Figure 17-2 illustrates how an interface moves through the states.
Figure 17-2 Spanning-Tree Interface States
When you power up the switch, spanning tree is enabled by default, and every interface in the switch,
VLAN, or network goes through the blocking state and the transitory states of listening and learning.
Spanning tree stabilizes each interface at the forwarding or blocking state.
When the spanning-tree algorithm places a Layer 2 interface in the forwarding state, this process occurs:
1. The interface is in the listening state while spanning tree waits for protocol information to transition
the interface to the blocking state.
2. While spanning tree waits the forward-delay timer to expire, it moves the interface to the learning
state and resets the forward-delay timer.
3. In the learning state, the interface continues to block frame forwarding as the switch learns
end-station location information for the forwarding database.
4. When the forward-delay timer expires, spanning tree moves the interface to the forwarding state,
where both learning and frame forwarding are enabled.
Power-on
initialization
Blocking
state
43569
Listening
state
Disabled
state
Learning
state
Forwarding
state
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