ii
2.7 Resistance and resistivity measurements .......................................................................................................... 2-32
2.7.1 Resistance measurements ......................................................................................................................... 2-33
2.7.2 Resistivity measurements ......................................................................................................................... 2-36
2.7.3 Ohms configuration .................................................................................................................................. 2-39
2.7.4 Multiple display ........................................................................................................................................ 2-42
2.7.5 Ohms measurement considerations .......................................................................................................... 2-42
2.8 Charge measurements (Q) ................................................................................................................................ 2-42
2.8.1 Basic measurement procedure .................................................................................................................. 2-43
2.8.2 Coulombs configuration ........................................................................................................................... 2-43
2.8.3 Charge measurement considerations ........................................................................................................ 2-45
2.9 Voltage source .................................................................................................................................................. 2-46
2.9.1 Sourcing options ....................................................................................................................................... 2-46
2.9.2 Setting voltage source value ..................................................................................................................... 2-48
2.9.3 Voltage and current limit .......................................................................................................................... 2-49
2.9.4 Interlock and test fixtures ......................................................................................................................... 2-50
2.9.5 Operate ..................................................................................................................................................... 2-50
2.10 Analog outputs .................................................................................................................................................. 2-50
2.10.1 2V analog output ...................................................................................................................................... 2-51
2.10.2 Preamp out ................................................................................................................................................ 2-52
2.11 Using external feedback ................................................................................................................................... 2-54
2.11.1 Electrometer input circuitry ...................................................................................................................... 2-54
2.11.2 Shielded fixture construction .................................................................................................................... 2-54
2.11.3 External feedback procedure .................................................................................................................... 2-55
2.11.4 Non-standard coulombs ranges ................................................................................................................ 2-56
2.11.5 Logarithmic currents ................................................................................................................................ 2-56
2.11.6 Non-decade current gains ......................................................................................................................... 2-57
2.12 Range and resolution ........................................................................................................................................ 2-57
2.12.1 Measurement range .................................................................................................................................. 2-57
2.12.2 Display resolution ..................................................................................................................................... 2-57
2.13 Zero check, relative, and zero correct .............................................................................................................. 2-58
2.13.1 Zero check ................................................................................................................................................ 2-58
2.13.2 Relative (REL) .......................................................................................................................................... 2-59
2.13.3 Zero correct .............................................................................................................................................. 2-60
2.13.4 “Properly zeroed” (as defined for instrument specifications) .................................................................. 2-60
2.14 Test sequences .................................................................................................................................................. 2-60
2.14.1 Test descriptions ....................................................................................................................................... 2-60
2.14.2 Configure Test Sequence .......................................................................................................................... 2-68
2.14.3 Running the selected test .......................................................................................................................... 2-70
2.15 Triggers ............................................................................................................................................................. 2-71
2.15.1 Trigger model ........................................................................................................................................... 2-73
2.15.2 Basic trigger configuration ....................................................................................................................... 2-76
2.15.3 Advanced trigger configuration ................................................................................................................ 2-77
2.15.4 External triggering .................................................................................................................................... 2-81
2.15.5 Trigger Link .............................................................................................................................................. 2-83
2.16 Buffer ................................................................................................................................................................ 2-94
2.16.1 Configuring data storage .......................................................................................................................... 2-96
2.16.2 Storing and recalling readings .................................................................................................................. 2-98
2.16.3 Buffer multiple displays ......................................................................................................................... 2-100
2.17 Filters .............................................................................................................................................................. 2-100
2.17.1 Digital filters ........................................................................................................................................... 2-101
2.17.2 Median filter ........................................................................................................................................... 2-101
2.17.3 Configuring the filters ............................................................................................................................ 2-103
2.18 Math ................................................................................................................................................................ 2-105
2.18.1 Polynomial .............................................................................................................................................. 2-105
2.18.2 Percent .................................................................................................................................................... 2-105
2.18.3 Percent deviation .................................................................................................................................... 2-105