KENR9126 11
Troubleshooting Section
Injector Codes – The injector codes or trim codes
are numeric cod
es or alphanumeric codes that are
etched or stamped on individual electronic unit
injectors. These codes are used to fine-tune the fuel
delivery.
Injector Trim Files – Injector trim files are
downloaded f
rom a disk to the ECM. The injector
trim files compensate for variances in manufacturing
of the electronic unit injector and for the life of the
electronic
unit injector. The serial number for the
electronic unit injector must be obtained in order to
retrieve the correct injector trim file.
Intake Manifold Air Temperature Sensor – The
intake manifold air temperature sensor detects the
air temper
ature in the intake manifold. The ECM
monitors the air temperature and other data in the
intake manifold in order to adjust injection timing and
other perf
ormance functions.
Intake Manifold Pressure Sensor – The Intake
Manifold
Pressure Sensor measures the pressure
in the intake manifold. The pressure in the intake
manifold may be different to the pressure outside
the engin
e (atmospheric pressure). The difference
in pressure may be caused by an increase in air
pressure by a turbocharger (if equipped).
Integrated Electronic Controls – The engine is
designed with the electronic controls as a necessary
part of t
he system. The engine will not operate
without the electronic controls.
J1939 C
AN Data Link – This data link is a SAE
standard diagnostic communications data link that
is used to communicate between the ECM and the
elect
ronic devices.
Logged Diagnostic Codes – Logged diagnostic
codes
are codes which are stored in the memory.
These codes are meant to be an indicator of possible
causes for intermittent problems. Refer to the
term
“Diagnostic Code” in this glossary for more
information.
OEM –
OEM is an abbreviation for the Original
Equipment Manufacturer. This is the manufacturer of
the machine or the vehicle that uses the engine.
Open Circuit – An open circuit is a condition that is
caused by an open switch, or by an electrical wire
or a
connection that is broken. When this condition
exists, the signal or the supply voltage can no longer
reach the intended destination.
Parameter – A parameter is a value or a limit that
is programmable. This helps determine specific
ch
aracteristics or behaviors of the engine.
Password – A password is a group of numeric
characters or a
group of alphanumeric characters
that is designed to restrict access to parameters. The
electronic system requires correct passwords in order
to change some
parameters (Factory Passwords).
Refer to Troubleshooting, “Factory Passwords” for
more information.
Personality Module – See“FlashFile”.
Power Cycli
ng – . Power cycling refers to the action
of cycling the keyswitch from any position to the OFF
position, and to the START/RUN position.
Primary Speed/Timing Sensor – This sensor
determines the position of the crankshaft during
engine ope
ration. If the primary speed/timing
sensor fails during engine operation, the secondary
speed/timing sensor is used to provide the signal.
Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) – A PWM signal
consists of pulses that are of variable width. These
pulses oc
cur at fixed intervals. The ratio of “TIME
ON” versus total “TIME OFF” can be varied. This
ratioisalsoreferredtoasadutycycle.
g00284479
Illustration 2
Rated Fuel Limit – This is a limit that is based on
the power rating of the engine and on the engine rpm.
The Rated Fuel Limit enables the engine power and
torque outputs to conform to the power and torque
curves of a specific engine model. These limits are in
the flash file and these limits cannot be changed.
Reference Voltage – Reference voltage is a
regulated voltage and a steady voltage that is
supplied by the ECM to a sensor. The reference
voltage is used by the sensor to generate a signal
voltage.
Relay – A relay is an electromechanical switch. A
flow of electricity in one circuit is used to control the
flow of electricity in another circuit. A small current or
voltage is applied to a relay in order to switch a much
larger current or voltage.
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