EasyManua.ls Logo

Cisco 2950G 24 - Catalyst Switch User Manual

Cisco 2950G 24 - Catalyst Switch
648 pages
To Next Page IconTo Next Page
To Next Page IconTo Next Page
Page #1 background imageLoading...
Page #1 background image
Corporate Headquarters
Cisco Systems, Inc.
170 West Tasman Drive
San Jose, CA 95134-1706
USA
http://www.cisco.com
Tel: 408 526-4000
800 553-NETS (6387)
Fax: 408 526-4100
Catalyst 2950 Desktop Switch Software
Configuration Guide
Cisco IOS Release 12.1(11)EA1 and 12.1(11)YJ
November 2002
Customer Order Number: DOC-7814982=
Text Part Number: 78-14982-01

Table of Contents

Question and Answer IconNeed help?

Do you have a question about the Cisco 2950G 24 - Catalyst Switch and is the answer not in the manual?

Cisco 2950G 24 - Catalyst Switch Specifications

General IconGeneral
Forwarding Rate6.6 Mpps
MAC Address Table Size8192 entries
Routing ProtocolStatic routing
ManageableYes
RAM32 MB
Operating Temperature32 to 113°F (0 to 45°C)
Status Indicatorssystem
Compliant StandardsIEEE 802.3, IEEE 802.3u, IEEE 802.3x
Power SupplyAC 100-240V
Operating Humidity10% to 85% non-condensing
ModelWS-C2950G-24-EI
Ports24 x 10/100

Summary

Preface

Audience

Identifies the network manager responsible for configuring Catalyst 2950 switches, requiring familiarity with Ethernet and LAN concepts.

Purpose

Details configuring and troubleshooting Catalyst 2950/2950 LRE switches, covering management interfaces and supported features.

Organization

Outlines the guide's structure, listing chapters and their respective topics covered in the Catalyst 2950 Desktop Switch Software Configuration Guide.

Conventions

Explains the conventions used in the guide for commands, interactive examples, and symbols for notes, cautions, and tips.

Related Publications

Lists related Cisco documents providing comprehensive switch information, available from Cisco.com.

Obtaining Documentation

Explains how to obtain documentation from Cisco Systems, including World Wide Web and CD-ROM options.

Obtaining Technical Assistance

Details how to get technical assistance from Cisco, including Cisco.com, TAC Web Site, and TAC Escalation Center.

Overview

Features

Lists supported software features for Catalyst 2950 switches, including LRE switch-specific support and ease of use.

Management Options

Discusses managing switches via CMS, CLI, IE2100 CNS Agents, and SNMP.

Network Configuration Examples

Provides concepts and examples for switch deployment, including cost-effective wiring closet, high-performance workgroup, and large campus.

Where to Go Next

Directs the user to review specific sections for startup information before configuring the switch.

Using the Command-Line Interface

IOS Command Modes

Explains the different modes in Cisco IOS user interface and how to access and exit them.

Getting Help

Describes how to use the question mark (?) and help commands for assistance with CLI commands and syntax.

Specifying Ports in Interface Configuration Mode

Details how to specify interface type, slot, and switch-port number for interface configuration commands.

Abbreviating Commands

Explains how to enter abbreviated commands to uniquely identify commands for the switch.

Using no and default Forms of Commands

Describes how to use 'no' and 'default' forms of commands to disable/enable features or revert settings to defaults.

Understanding CLI Messages

Lists common CLI error messages, their meanings, and how to get help for them.

Using Command History

Explains how to use the command history feature to recall and customize previous command entries.

Using Editing Features

Describes editing features for manipulating the command line, including keystrokes and line wrapping.

Searching and Filtering Output of show and more Commands

Explains how to search and filter output from 'show' and 'more' commands using pipe characters and keywords.

Accessing the CLI

Describes how to access the CLI via console port or remote Telnet session after initial switch configuration.

Getting Started with CMS

Features

Details CMS features for managing switches via web browsers, including network views, menus, toolbar, and tools.

Front Panel View

Describes the Front Panel view for clusters and standalone switches, including cluster tree and port/LED status.

Topology View

Explains how to display network topology, device icons, link icons, and device/link labels for cluster management.

Menus and Toolbar

Details the menu bar and toolbar options for managing switches and clusters, and accessing online help.

Interaction Modes

Explains how to change CMS interaction mode to Guide or Expert, detailing their features and usage.

Wizards

Describes how wizards simplify configuration tasks by providing a step-by-step approach with minimal information.

Tool Tips

Explains how CMS displays popup messages when the mouse hovers over devices or table column headings.

Online Help

Describes how to use CMS online help for understanding features, procedures, and accessing content and glossary.

CMS Window Components

Details the components of a typical CMS window, including tabs, lists, tables, filter editor, and icons.

Accessing CMS

Provides steps for accessing CMS, assuming IP information, passwords, and browser/Java plug-in requirements are met.

Verifying Your Changes

Explains how CMS provides notification cues (green/red borders) to track and confirm changes made.

Saving Your Configuration

Describes how to save the running configuration to Flash memory, noting the availability of the Save Configuration option.

Restoring Your Configuration

Explains how to restore a saved configuration to one or more switches for reasons like incorrect changes or system failures.

CMS Preferences

Details how CMS preferences are saved to a PC in a .cms_properties file and how to manage them.

Using Different Versions of CMS

Discusses potential differences in CMS look and function across various IOS releases and switch platforms.

Where to Go Next

Guides the user to review specific sections for startup information before configuring the switch.

Assigning the Switch IP Address and Default Gateway

Understanding the Boot Process

Explains the switch boot process, including boot loader software activities and access to the Flash file system.

Assigning Switch Information

Describes methods for assigning IP information: setup program, DHCP server, or manual configuration.

Checking and Saving the Running Configuration

Explains how to check entered configuration settings and save them to the startup configuration file.

Configuring IE2100 CNS Agents

Understanding IE2100 Series Configuration Registrar Software

Describes the IE2100 Configuration Registrar as a network management device for automating device deployment and management.

Understanding CNS Embedded Agents

Explains CNS event and configuration agents, providing initial, incremental, and synchronized configurations.

Configuring CNS Embedded Agents

Details procedures for connecting and automatically configuring switches using CNS agents.

Displaying CNS Configuration

Shows how to use privileged EXEC commands to display CNS configuration information.

Clustering Switches

Understanding Switch Clusters

Defines a switch cluster as interconnected switches managed as a single entity, detailing command/member switch roles and benefits.

Planning a Switch Cluster

Provides guidelines, requirements, and caveats for managing switches through a cluster to anticipate conflicts.

Creating a Switch Cluster

Details how to create a cluster using CMS or CLI commands, including enabling command switches and adding members.

Using the CLI to Manage Switch Clusters

Explains how to configure member switches via CLI by logging into the command switch and accessing member switch CLIs.

Using SNMP to Manage Switch Clusters

Describes how the command switch manages SNMP messages between member switches and an SNMP application.

Administering the Switch

Preventing Unauthorized Access to Your Switch

Describes security features like passwords and privilege levels to restrict access for unauthorized users.

Protecting Access to Privileged EXEC Commands

Details password protection and privilege levels to control access to configuration files and privileged EXEC commands.

Controlling Switch Access with TACACS+

Explains enabling and configuring TACACS+ for AAA services, providing authentication, authorization, and accounting.

Controlling Switch Access with RADIUS

Describes enabling and configuring RADIUS for AAA services, providing administrative control over authentication and authorization.

Configuring the Switch for Local Authentication and Authorization

Explains how to configure AAA to operate without a server by setting the switch to implement AAA in local mode.

Configuring the Switch for Secure Shell

Describes configuring the Secure Shell (SSH) feature for secure remote connections, requiring the crypto software image.

Managing the System Time and Date

Details managing system time and date using NTP or manual configuration methods, covering system clock and NTP understanding.

Configuring a System Name and Prompt

Explains how to configure the system name and prompt to identify the switch, with default settings described.

Creating a Banner

Describes configuring a message-of-the-day (MOTD) and a login banner displayed to users at login.

Managing the MAC Address Table

Explains the MAC address table contents, dynamic/static addresses, and how the switch forwards traffic based on destination addresses.

Managing the ARP Table

Describes how the software determines the local data link address from an IP address using address resolution.

Switch Software Releases

Discusses upgrading Catalyst 2950 switches with the latest software releases and checking compatibility.

Configuring 802.1X Port-Based Authentication

Understanding 802.1X Port-Based Authentication

Defines 802.1X as an access control protocol restricting unauthorized clients via publicly accessible ports.

Configuring 802.1X Authentication

Provides procedures for configuring 802.1X authentication, including default settings and guidelines.

Displaying 802.1X Statistics and Status

Explains how to display 802.1X statistics and status for interfaces and the switch using privileged EXEC commands.

Configuring the Switch Interfaces

Understanding Interface Types

Describes interface types like access ports, trunk ports, VLANs, EtherChannel port groups, and connecting interfaces.

Using the Interface Command

Details how to use the interface global configuration command to enter interface configuration mode and specify interface type, slot, and number.

Configuring Switch Interfaces

Covers default Ethernet interface configuration, SFP configuration, speed, duplex, media types, flow control, and interface descriptions.

Monitoring and Maintaining the Interfaces

Describes tasks for monitoring and maintaining interfaces, including status, clearing counters, and shutting down/restarting interfaces.

Configuring LRE

Ports on the 2950 LRE

Describes LRE ports and connections for Catalyst 2950 LRE switches, including LRE link and CPE Ethernet link details.

LRE Links and LRE Profiles

Details LRE link settings, symmetric/asymmetric bandwidth, and the use of profiles for controlling upstream/downstream rates.

Configuring LRE Ports

Provides guidelines and procedures for assigning profiles or sequences to LRE ports and managing link qualification.

Upgrading LRE Switch Firmware

Describes how the 2950 LRE switch can store and apply LRE binaries for firmware updates on controllers and CPE devices.

Configuring STP

Understanding Spanning-Tree Features

Explains STP features like STP Overview, Bridge Protocol Data Units, topology, interface states, and address management.

Configuring Spanning-Tree Features

Provides guidelines and procedures for configuring STP features like root switch, port priority, path cost, and timers.

Displaying the Spanning-Tree Status

Shows how to display the spanning-tree status using privileged EXEC commands like 'show spanning-tree'.

Configuring RSTP and MSTP

Understanding RSTP

Explains RSTP's rapid convergence, port roles, active topology, proposal/agreement handshaking, and BPDU format.

Understanding MSTP

Details MSTP architecture, including MST regions, IST, CIST, CST, hop count, and boundary ports.

Interoperability with 802.1D STP

Describes MSTP's built-in protocol migration mechanism for interoperating with legacy 802.1D switches.

Configuring RSTP and MSTP Features

Provides guidelines and procedures for configuring RSTP and MSTP features like root switch, port priority, and timers.

Displaying the MST Configuration and Status

Shows how to display MST configuration and status using privileged EXEC commands like 'show spanning-tree mst'.

Configuring Optional Spanning-Tree Features

Understanding Optional Spanning-Tree Features

Explains optional features like Port Fast, BPDU Guard, BPDU Filtering, UplinkFast, BackboneFast, Root Guard, and Loop Guard.

Configuring Optional Spanning-Tree Features

Provides procedures for configuring optional spanning-tree features like Port Fast, BPDU Guard, BPDU Filtering, UplinkFast, BackboneFast, Root Guard, and Loop Guard.

Displaying the Spanning-Tree Status

Shows how to display spanning-tree status using privileged EXEC commands like 'show spanning-tree'.

Configuring VLANs

Understanding VLANs

Defines a VLAN as a logically segmented network, detailing VLAN attributes, port membership, and STP support.

Configuring Normal-Range VLANs

Describes configuring normal-range VLANs (1-1005) using config-vlan mode or VLAN database mode.

Configuring Extended-Range VLANs

Explains configuring extended-range VLANs (1006-4094) in VTP transparent mode, not saved in VLAN database.

Displaying VLANs

Shows how to display VLAN information using 'show vlan' or 'show running-config vlan' privileged EXEC commands.

Configuring VLAN Trunks

Describes VLAN trunking function, 802.1Q configuration, default Layer 2 Ethernet interface VLAN configuration, and interaction with other features.

Configuring VMPS

Explains configuring VMPS for dynamic access port VLAN membership, including guidelines, global parameters, and client configuration.

Configuring VTP

Understanding VTP

Defines VTP as a messaging protocol for maintaining VLAN consistency, minimizing misconfigurations and security violations.

Configuring VTP

Provides guidelines and procedures for configuring VTP, including default configuration, options, server, client, transparent mode, version 2, and pruning.

Monitoring VTP

Describes how to monitor VTP by displaying configuration information, domain name, revision, VLAN count, and advertisements.

Configuring Voice VLAN

Understanding Voice VLAN

Explains how voice VLAN enables ports to carry IP voice traffic, supporting QoS and Cisco IP Phone connectivity.

Configuring Voice VLAN

Provides guidelines and procedures for configuring voice VLAN on access ports, including default settings and phone connections.

Displaying Voice VLAN

Shows how to display voice VLAN information for an interface using the 'show interfaces interface-id switchport' command.

Configuring IGMP Snooping and MVR

Understanding IGMP Snooping

Explains IGMP snooping for constraining multicast traffic by dynamically configuring Layer 2 interfaces for forwarding.

Configuring IGMP Snooping

Provides procedures for configuring IGMP snooping, including default settings, enabling/disabling, snooping method, and router ports.

Displaying IGMP Snooping Information

Shows how to display IGMP snooping information for interfaces, multicast router configurations, and MAC address entries.

Understanding Multicast VLAN Registration

Defines MVR for wide-scale multicast traffic across networks, allowing subscribers in separate VLANs to share a multicast VLAN.

Configuring MVR

Provides basic MVR configuration information, including default configuration, guidelines, global parameters, and interfaces.

Displaying MVR Information

Shows how to display MVR status and values for the switch or a specified interface using privileged EXEC commands.

Configuring IGMP Filtering

Describes controlling multicast group membership by configuring IP multicast profiles and applying them to switch ports.

Displaying IGMP Filtering Configuration

Shows how to display IGMP profile characteristics and maximum group configuration for interfaces using privileged EXEC commands.

Configuring Port-Based Traffic Control

Configuring Storm Control

Describes configuring storm control to manage broadcast, unicast, or multicast packet storms on ports.

Configuring Protected Ports

Explains how protected ports ensure no traffic is forwarded between them, forcing traffic through a Layer 3 device.

Configuring Port Security

Details restricting input to an interface by limiting and identifying MAC addresses of stations allowed access.

Displaying Port-Based Traffic Control Settings

Shows how to display port protection, storm control, and port security settings using privileged EXEC commands.

Configuring UDLD

Understanding UDLD

Explains UDLD as a Layer 2 protocol to detect and disable unidirectional links, preventing spanning-tree topology loops.

Configuring UDLD

Provides procedures for configuring UDLD globally and on interfaces, including aggressive or normal modes.

Displaying UDLD Status

Shows how to display UDLD status for interfaces or the entire switch using the 'show udld' command.

Configuring CDP

Understanding CDP

Defines CDP as a Layer 2 device discovery protocol for learning neighbor device types and SNMP addresses.

Configuring CDP

Provides information and procedures for configuring CDP timer, holdtime, and advertisement type.

Monitoring and Maintaining CDP

Explains how to monitor and maintain CDP on the device using privileged EXEC commands like 'show cdp'.

Configuring SPAN and RSPAN

Understanding SPAN and RSPAN

Describes analyzing network traffic using SPAN for port/VLAN mirroring and RSPAN for remote monitoring across switches.

Configuring SPAN

Provides guidelines and procedures for configuring SPAN sessions, including session limits and specifying ports/VLANs.

Configuring RSPAN

Details RSPAN configuration, including guidelines, creating sessions, destination sessions, and specifying VLANs.

Displaying SPAN and RSPAN Status

Shows how to display the status of current SPAN or RSPAN configurations using privileged EXEC commands.

Configuring RMON

Understanding RMON

Defines RMON as a standard monitoring specification for exchanging network monitoring data, enabling fault diagnosis and performance tuning.

Configuring RMON

Provides procedures for configuring RMON alarms, events, and collection on interfaces.

Displaying RMON Status

Shows how to display RMON status using privileged EXEC commands like 'show rmon' and 'show rmon alarms'.

Configuring System Message Logging

Understanding System Message Logging

Explains system message logging, default behavior, severity levels, and destinations for messages.

Configuring System Message Logging

Details configuring message logging, including log message format, default configuration, disabling/enabling, and display destinations.

Displaying the Logging Configuration

Shows how to display logging configuration and buffer contents using 'show logging' privileged EXEC command.

Configuring SNMP

Understanding SNMP

Defines SNMP as a protocol for communication between managers and agents, covering versions, manager/agent functions, and community strings.

Configuring SNMP

Provides procedures for configuring SNMP, including default settings, guidelines, disabling agent, community strings, groups, users, notifications, contact info, and TFTP servers.

Displaying SNMP Status

Shows how to display SNMP input/output statistics, illegal community string entries, errors, and requested variables.

Configuring Network Security with ACLs

Understanding ACLs

Explains ACLs for packet filtering, limiting network traffic, and restricting network use by users or devices.

Configuring ACLs

Details creating standard, extended IP, and MAC extended ACLs, including applying them to interfaces and terminal lines.

Displaying ACL Information

Shows how to display ACLs configured on the switch and applied to physical and management interfaces.

Examples for Compiling ACLs

Provides examples of compiling ACLs, including numbered, extended, named, and commented IP ACL entries.

Configuring QoS

Understanding QoS

Describes QoS implementation on the switch, covering classification, policing, marking, queueing, and scheduling.

Configuring QoS

Provides guidelines and procedures for configuring QoS, including default configuration, classification, policy maps, and CoS/WRR.

QoS Configuration Examples

Provides examples for QoS migration paths, including configurations for existing and intelligent wiring closets.

Configuring EtherChannels

Understanding EtherChannels

Defines EtherChannel as bundled Fast Ethernet or Gigabit Ethernet links for high-bandwidth, fault-tolerant connections.

Configuring EtherChannels

Provides guidelines and procedures for configuring EtherChannel interfaces, including default settings and Layer 2 EtherChannels.

Displaying EtherChannel and PAgP Status

Shows how to display EtherChannel and PAgP status information using privileged EXEC commands.

Troubleshooting

LRE Statistics

Describes retrieving statistics for LRE ports and CPE devices, including Ethernet, LRE link, and CPE Ethernet link statistics.

Using Recovery Procedures

Provides procedures for recovering from corrupted software, lost passwords, command switch failures, and lost member connectivity.

Preventing Autonegotiation Mismatches

Explains how to prevent mismatches in speed and duplex settings caused by the IEEE 802.3AB autonegotiation protocol.

Troubleshooting LRE Port Configuration

Lists problems encountered when configuring and monitoring LRE ports, with suspected causes and suggested solutions.

GBIC and SFP Module Security and Identification

Describes security and identification features of Cisco-approved GBIC and SFP modules, including error-disabled state recovery.

Using Debug Commands

Explains how to use debug commands to diagnose and resolve internetworking problems, emphasizing specific feature debugging.

Using the crashinfo File

Describes how the crashinfo file saves information to help debug IOS image failures (crashes), including image name and register dumps.

Appendix A Supported MIBs

MIB List

Lists the supported management information base (MIB) files for this release.

Using FTP to Access the MIB Files

Provides steps to obtain each MIB file using FTP, including server access and directory navigation.

Appendix B Working with the IOS File System, Configuration Files, and Software Images

Working with the Flash File System

Describes commands for managing software images and configuration files stored on the switch's Flash device.

Working with Configuration Files

Details creating, loading, and maintaining configuration files, including guidelines and types of files.

Working with Software Images

Describes archiving (downloading and uploading) software image files, including IOS code and web management HTML files.

Index

Related product manuals