Using the brakes correctly under adverse conditions
is the hardest – and yet the most critical - skill to
master for a rider. Braking is one of the most difficult
and dangerous moments when riding a two wheeled
motorcycle: the possibility of falling or having an
accident during this difficult moment is statistically
higher than any other moment. A locked front wheel
leads to loss of traction and stability, resulting in loss
of control.
The Anti-Lock Braking System (ABS) has been
developed to enable riders to use the motorcycle
braking force to the fullest possible amount in
emergency braking or under poor pavement or
adverse weather conditions. ABS is an electro-
hydraulic device that controls the pressure in the
brake circuit when the control unit, by processing
information from wheel sensors, determines that one
or both wheels are about to lock up. In this case,
pressure decrease in the brake circuit allows the
wheel to carry on turning, thereby preserving grip.
After that, the control unit restores the pressure in the
brake circuit, to resume the braking action. This cycle
is repeated many times until the problem is
completely eliminated. Normally, the rider will
perceive ABS operation as a harder feel or a pulsation
of the brake lever and pedal. The front and rear brakes
use separate control systems.
Warning
Using the two brake controls separately
reduces the motorcycle braking power.
Never use the front brake control harshly or suddenly
as you may cause rear wheel lift-up and lose control of
the motorcycle (if the ABS is enabled).
When riding in the rain or on slippery surfaces,
braking will become less effective. Always use the
brakes very gently and carefully when riding under
these conditions. Any sudden manoeuvres may lead
to loss of control.
When tackling long, high-gradient downhill road
tracts, shift down gears to use engine braking. Apply
one brake at a time and use brakes sparingly. Keeping
the brakes applied all the time would cause the
friction material to overheat as well as a possible
generation of vapour lock (brake fluid boiling) with a
considerable reduction of the braking power.
Underinflated and overinflated tyres reduce braking
efficiency, handling accuracy and stability in a bend.
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