2.3.1 Undervoltage Setting Guidelines 240
3 Overvoltage Protection 241
3.1 Overvoltage Protection Implementation 241
3.2 Overvoltage Protection Logic 242
3.3 Application Notes 242
3.3.1 Overvoltage Setting Guidelines 242
4 Residual Overvoltage Protection 244
4.1 Residual Overvoltage Protection Implementation 244
4.2 Residual Overvoltage Logic 245
4.3 Application Notes 245
4.3.1 Calculation for Solidly Earthed Systems 245
4.3.2 Calculation for Impedance Earthed Systems 246
4.3.3 Setting Guidelines 247
5 Negative Sequence Overvoltage Protection 248
5.1 Negative Sequence Overvoltage Implementation 248
5.2 Negative Sequence Overvoltage Logic 248
5.3 Application Notes 248
5.3.1 Setting Guidelines 248
Chapter 12 Frequency Protection Functions 251
1 Chapter Overview 253
2 Overfluxing Protection 254
2.1 Overfluxing Protection Implementation 254
2.1.1 Time-delayed Overfluxing Protection 255
2.1.2 5th Harmonic Blocking 256
2.1.3 Overfluxing Protection Logic 256
2.2 Application Notes 257
2.2.1 Overfluxing Protection Setting Guidelines 257
3 Frequency Protection 259
3.1 Underfrequency Protection 259
3.1.1 Underfrequency Protection Implementation 259
3.1.2 Underfrequency Protection logic 259
3.1.3 Application Notes 260
3.2 Overfrequency Protection 260
3.2.1 Overfrequency Protection Implementation 260
3.2.2 Overfrequency Protection logic 260
3.2.3 Application Notes 261
Chapter 13 Monitoring and Control 263
1 Chapter Overview 265
2 Event Records 266
2.1 Event Types 266
2.1.1 Opto-input Events 267
2.1.2 Contact Events 267
2.1.3 Alarm Events 267
2.1.4 Fault Record Events 271
2.1.5 Maintenance Events 271
2.1.6 Protection Events 272
2.1.7 Security Events 272
2.1.8 Platform Events 272
3 Disturbance Recorder 273
4 Measurements 274
4.1 Measured Quantities 274
4.1.1 Measured and Calculated Currents 274
4.1.2 Measured and Calculated Voltages 274
4.1.3 Power and Energy Quantities 274
P64x Contents
P64x-TM-EN-1.3 vii